Milk-and-Dairy-Products-in-Human-Nutrition-FAO

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Table 7.1 (continued) ASIA AND PACIFIC Country/organization Title (duration) Reference India: IFPRI/ Government of India Operation Flood (1970–1996) Cunningham (2009) India/IFPRI Karnataka Dairy Development Project Alderman (1987) Target population Smallholder farmers Smallholder farmers Goal/ objective Increase milk production, stable supply, and increase incomes of small farmers Modelled after Operation Flood, aimed to increase milk production through improved animal nutrition and cross-breeding Intervention: strategy and activities *Created a “national milk grid” or a dairy-supply chain from village to district to state *Producer cooperatives established to: collect milk; ensure quality; provide payment; improve management techniques; and provide access to veterinary services *Food aid milk powder and butter oil used for processing during slack seasons in domestic production *Introduce cooperatives to commercialise dairy products *Raise producer prices Design: comparison groups and methods Pre- and post-assessment of trends in milk production, consumption, and several of service delivery outcomes District (Bikaner, Periyar, and Sabarkantha) and nationally representative data Longitudinal study with 5 rounds of household surveys between Jan 1983 to April 1984; multivariate regression analyses conducted Intervention group: non-random selection of 21 villages with cooperatives Control group: non-random selection of 10 villages without (total HH n=806) Level of Inference Results Adequacy *Per capita milk consumption from 290 to 339 g/d between 1988–89 to 1995–96 *World’s largest producer of buffalo and goat milk; 6th largest producer of cow milk *Dairy production role 4.5%/yr over 30 years *Favourable effects on income distribution and women’s employment *Linked dairy producers to urban consumers *Technological advances in crossbreed raising and milk processing Plausibility *Twice as much milk produced in intervention group than control attributed to larger number of cross-bred cows and buffalo *Price increases in rice and ragi reduced calorie and protein consumption, but price increases in milk, did not (P
Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organization Title (duration) Reference Target population Goal/ objective Intervention: strategy and activities Design: comparison groups and methods Level of Inference Results 304 ASIA AND PACIFIC Viet Nam/Ministry of Health in Viet Nam VAC Farming System Hop (2003) Women Children < 5 years Provide diversified agricultural products to meet complex nutritional demands of population *Ecosystem approach to protecting livelihoods, health and environment *Land distribution and development by government *VACVINA loans for poor *Environmental protection National level data on ASF production and consumption, and nutritional status reviewed. Ecological analysis only. National Nutrition Surveys in 1999 and 2000 compared, because VAC was a national programme Observational / Formative *Percentage of protein and fat in the diet increased *Underweight in children < 5 yr decreased from 51.5% in 1985 to 31.9% in 2001 *Stunting in children < 5 yr decreased from 59.7% in 1985 to 34.8% in 2001 *Anaemia prevalence decreased among children < 5 yr and women of reproductive age School-based milk programmes AFRICA Kenya Study: Meat and milk supplementation in schools (Aug 1998–July 2000) Neumann et al. (2007) Grillenberger et al. (2003) 6–14 yrs (median 7.4 yr) Investigate effect of animal source food (meat and milk) groups on growth, cognition, and physical activity *School-based mid-morning snack daily over 2.5 years (total 23 mo) *Githeri, a local dish with maize, beans, and greens, provided with meat, milk, or oil in 3 intervention groups Longitudinal study in 12 schools in Embu District, stratified by size and access to food delivery Group 1: githeri + meat Group 2: githeri + milk Group 3: githeri + oil Group 4: control Total (n=544) Plausibility *Among stunted children at baseline, milk group children gained 1.3 cm more height (15%) than control (P=0.05) *Groups 1–3 showed greater weight gain (~10%) than Group 4 control; effect greater in boys, younger children, and lower SES *Group 1 (meat) followed by group 2 (milk) showed greatest increase in mid-arm muscle area compared to other groups *Group 2 (milk) showed lowest rate of Raven’s Progressive Matrice (RPM) compared to all groups Milk and dairy products in human nutrition
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MILK dairy products in and human nu
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cover photo credits front: © EADD/
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iv 2.7 Emerging issues and challeng
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vi 5.2 Dairy components 209 5.2.1 M
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viii 9.2 Key trends and emerging is
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x 2.5 Per capita energy intake from
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xii Preface Billions of people arou
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xiv The publication serves a variet
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xvi (Research Assistant Professor,
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xviii Permissions granted by extern
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xx FPCM fat and protein-corrected m
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xxii Contributors Anthony Bennett j
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xxiv from the National University o
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xxvi Award 2010 along with colleagu
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2 Milk and dairy products in human
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11 Chapter 2 Milk availability: Cur
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Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
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Table 2.5 Volume and share of milk
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41 Chapter 3 Milk and dairy product
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Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
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Table 3.1 Proximate composition of
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Table 3.2 (continued) Vitamins Ribo
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Table 3.4 Mineral composition in mi
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Table 3.6 (continued) Riboflavin Vi
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103 Chapter 4 Milk and dairy produc
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Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
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Table 4.1 Nutrient content of full
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Table 4.2 Contents of selected nutr
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Table 4.4 Summary of recent review
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Table 4.4 (continued) Reference Die
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Annex Table 4.7 Milk and dairy prod
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Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
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207 Chapter 5 Dairy components, pro
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Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
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Annex Table 5.2 EU register of dair
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Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
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243 Chapter 6 Safety and quality Ma
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Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 245
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354 Milk and dairy products in huma
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