Milk-and-Dairy-Products-in-Human-Nutrition-FAO

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Chapter 8 – Dairy-industry development programmes: Their role in food [...] 347 • A balanced diet is a core part of food security. More emphasis is needed on nutrition outcomes of DIDPs. A concerted effort is needed to help dairy stakeholders and consumers better understand the benefits of milk and dairy products in terms of food security and nutrition. • Urbanization and market demand influence product profiles. Policies, structures and strategies must evolve to meet consumer needs for improved food and nutrition security and environmental sustainability. • Future DIDPs should monitor nutrition and agro-ecological outcomes using clear performance indicators. They must incorporate evidence-based learning and be of sufficient duration and scale to effect lasting, beneficial change. Manifestly, dairy industry development pays, economically and socially. That said, there is room for improvement, above all to emphasize nutrition benefits and issues. Such nutrition issues are listed below and are discussed in more detail in Chapters 7 and 9. • Design: DIDPs should provide for improved household nutrition, increased income generation and environmental sustainability. To be inclusive for smallholders, they need to designed as progressive and motivate stakeholders to invest in more market-oriented and commercial dairy-enterprise activities. • Value-chain approach: DIDPs should be inclusive to balance social outcomes with enterprise objectives along the farm-to-consumer chain to ensure sustainability. • Nutritional outcomes: Practical indicators and measures of nutrition and health outcomes need to be developed and be applied to inclusive DIDPs. • Nutrition decision-makers: At household level, nutrition decision-makers are almost always women. They need to be targeted when delivering nutrition awareness and education messages under DIDPs and enabling policies that promote inclusive dairy-industry development approaches • Scale and duration: DIDPs can be delivered at scale; several outstanding programmes have benefited millions of rural producers and urban consumers. On the other hand, most recent dairy projects are of short duration. A balance must be struck between scale and duration to effect lasting and sustainable nutritional change. In addition, the generation of data from full-scale operations would be useful to objectively measure the nutritional impact of dairyindustry programmes. • Interface between public and private sectors: FAO has a unique ability – based on specific knowledge and focus on inclusive dairy industry development, including institutional development, knowledge-based learning and its position as an impartial broker – to effectively leverage and tailor partnerships between the public and private sectors to guide member countries and development partners in delivering sustainable and inclusive DIDPs. Its comparative advantages of cross-cutting technological expertise could be more effectively mobilized through additional core resources which could be accessed by member countries, the private sector and dairy-industry development and financing partners. • Investments: Investment in dairying in developing and transition countries should be aimed at ensuring inclusion of smallholders and tailored to national
348 Milk and dairy products in human nutrition and regional specificities. FAO and others can help guide both member countries and, increasingly, partners in the public and private sectors, including the international finance institutions. 8.11 Key messages • Dairying can provide immediate and multiple benefits at household level for farm families and often for women. • DIDPs should be designed and implemented to optimize inclusion of smallholders and their organizations. • DIDPs should include nutritional outcome as an indicator of project impact (and success). Disclosure statement The authors declare that no financial or other conflict of interest exists in relation to the content of the chapter. References 3A Business Consulting & Shainwright Consulting and Research Group. 2006. China – dairy opportunities unlimited: dairy production, consumption and trade, trends, players and outlook 2008. Aarhus, Denmark, 3A Business Consulting, and Adelaide, Australia, Shainwright Consulting and Research Group. Available at: http://www.3abc.dk/Report information China.pdf. Accessed 24 October 2012. Aklilu, Y. 2002. An audit of the livestock marketing status in Kenya, Ethiopia and Sudan. Volume I. Nairobi, African Union Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources. Ayele, S., Workalemahu, A., Jabbar, M.A., Ahmed, M.M. & Hurissa, B. 2003. Livestock marketing in Ethiopia: a review of structure, performance and development options. Socioeconomics and Policy Research Working Paper 52. Nairobi, International Livestock Research Institute. Bennett, A. 2010. Benin: appui à l’amélioration de la collecte, de la transformation et de la commercialisation du lait, du “wagachi” et autres produits laitiers. Final project report TCP/BEN/3003. Rome, Animal Production and Health Division, FAO. Bennett, A., Lhoste, F., Crook, J. & Phelan, J. 2006. The future of small-scale dairying. In FAO. Livestock Report 2006. Rome, FAO. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/a0255e/a0255e00.htm. Accessed 26 October 2012. Birthal, P.S., Jha, A.K., Tiongco, M. & Narrod, C. 2008. Improving farm-to-market linkages through contract farming. A case study of smallholder dairying in India. IFPRI Discussion Paper 814. Washington DC, International Food Policy Research Institute. Available at: http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ ifpridp00814.pdf. Accessed 25 October 2012. Bravo-Baumann, H. 2000. Gender and livestock: capitalisation of experiences on livestock projects and gender. Working document. Bern, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Available at: http://www.sdc.admin.ch/ressources/ resource_en_23953.pdf. Accessed 25 October 2012. Brown, O. 2005. Supermarket buying power, global commodity chains and smallholder farmers in the developing world. Occasional Paper 2005/4. New York, USA, Human Development Report Office, United Nations Development Programme. Available at: http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2005/papers/HDR2005_Brown_ Oli_41.pdf. Accessed 25 October 2012.
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iv 2.7 Emerging issues and challeng
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vi 5.2 Dairy components 209 5.2.1 M
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viii 9.2 Key trends and emerging is
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xii Preface Billions of people arou
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xiv The publication serves a variet
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xvi (Research Assistant Professor,
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xviii Permissions granted by extern
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xx FPCM fat and protein-corrected m
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xxii Contributors Anthony Bennett j
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xxiv from the National University o
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xxvi Award 2010 along with colleagu
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Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
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Table 2.5 Volume and share of milk
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Table 3.1 Proximate composition of
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Table 3.2 (continued) Vitamins Ribo
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Table 3.4 Mineral composition in mi
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Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
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Table 4.1 Nutrient content of full
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Annex Table 4.7 Milk and dairy prod
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Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 245
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