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Milk-and-Dairy-Products-in-Human-Nutrition-FAO

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Table 7.1 (cont<strong>in</strong>ued)<br />

ASIA AND PACIFIC<br />

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN<br />

Country/organization<br />

Title (duration)<br />

Reference<br />

Iran<br />

CFC, APHCAP <strong>and</strong> <strong>FAO</strong><br />

(2008)<br />

Fortified milk programmes<br />

Chile/University of Chile<br />

Prevention of iron<br />

deficiency through milk<br />

fortification<br />

(1986–1987)<br />

Stekel et al. (1988)<br />

Target<br />

population<br />

Primary<br />

school-age<br />

children<br />

3–15 mo<br />

partially<br />

or fully<br />

weaned<br />

Goal/ objective<br />

Prevent poor<br />

nutrition<br />

(growth) <strong>and</strong><br />

health outcomes<br />

(osteoporosis);<br />

long-term goal<br />

to promote<br />

susta<strong>in</strong>able<br />

dairy <strong>in</strong>dustry<br />

development<br />

Determ<strong>in</strong>e<br />

effectiveness of<br />

fortified milk on<br />

prevention of iron<br />

deficiency <strong>and</strong><br />

anaemia<br />

Intervention:<br />

strategy <strong>and</strong> activities<br />

*3 portions (20 cl) milk<br />

per week; total of 70<br />

per 6 mo<br />

*Tetra Pak public–private<br />

partnership<br />

*Fortified (<strong>in</strong>tervention)<br />

<strong>and</strong> non-fortified full-fat<br />

milk <strong>in</strong> a 10% dilution<br />

(st/vol) plus 5% sucrose,<br />

<strong>and</strong> 3% corn flour given<br />

to <strong>in</strong>fants daily from<br />

3 to 15 mo<br />

Design:<br />

comparison groups<br />

<strong>and</strong> methods<br />

Performance measurement<br />

study conducted for coverage<br />

<strong>and</strong> milk production outcomes<br />

Longitud<strong>in</strong>al study,<br />

r<strong>and</strong>omised controlled study<br />

conducted <strong>in</strong> two cl<strong>in</strong>ics <strong>in</strong><br />

Santiago, Chile<br />

Intervention group: full-fat<br />

fortified milk powder with<br />

15 mg ferrous sulphate,<br />

100 mg ascorbic acid, 1 500 IU<br />

vitam<strong>in</strong> A, <strong>and</strong> 400 IU<br />

vitam<strong>in</strong> D per 100 g (n=276)<br />

Control group: non-fortified,<br />

full-fat milk (n=278)<br />

Level of Inference<br />

Results<br />

Adequacy<br />

*12 million students now<br />

receiv<strong>in</strong>g milk; <strong>in</strong>crease of 400%<br />

from orig<strong>in</strong>al 1.2 million<br />

*7% <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> milk production,<br />

187.5 million litres<br />

Probability<br />

*Reduced anaemia prevalence <strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong>tervention group (2.5%)<br />

vs control group (25.7%) at 15 mo<br />

(P

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