Chapter 7 – <strong>Milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> dairy programmes affect<strong>in</strong>g nutrition 295 CFC, APHCAP & <strong>FAO</strong>. 2008. Improved market access <strong>and</strong> smallholder dairy farmer participation for susta<strong>in</strong>able dairy development. Bangkok, <strong>FAO</strong>. Available at: http://www.fao.org/ag/aga<strong>in</strong>fo/themes/documents/<strong>Dairy</strong>_dev_strat.pdf. Accessed 16 October 2012. Cunn<strong>in</strong>gham, K. 2009. Connect<strong>in</strong>g the milk grid: smallholder dairy <strong>in</strong> India. In D.J. Spielman & R. P<strong>and</strong>ya-Lorch, eds Millions fed: proven successes <strong>in</strong> agriculture development, pp. 117–124. Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, DC, International Food Policy Research Institute. Defourny, I., M<strong>in</strong>etti, A., Harczi, G., Doyon, S., Shepherd, S., Tectonidis, M., Bradol, J.H. & Golden, M. 2009. A large-scale distribution of milk-based fortified spreads: evidence for a new approach <strong>in</strong> regions with high burden of acute malnutrition. PLoS One, 4(5): e5455. Demment, M.W., Young, M.M. & Sensenig, R.L. 2003. Provid<strong>in</strong>g micronutrients through food-based solutions: A key to human <strong>and</strong> national development. J. Nutr., 133(11): 3879S–3885S. Du, X., Zhu, K., Trube, A., Zhang, Q., Ma, G., Hu, X., Fraser, D.R. & Greenfield, H. 2004. School-milk <strong>in</strong>tervention trial enhances growth <strong>and</strong> bone m<strong>in</strong>eral accretion <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>ese girls aged 10-12 years <strong>in</strong> Beij<strong>in</strong>g. Brit. J. Nutr., 2(1): 159–168. <strong>FAO</strong>. 2011. Commodities markets monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> outlook: milk <strong>and</strong> dairy products: school milk. Rome, Economic Social <strong>and</strong> Development Department. Available at: http://www.fao.org/economic/est/est-commodities/dairy/en/. Accessed 16 October 2012. Griff<strong>in</strong>, M. 2004. Issues <strong>in</strong> the development of school milk. Paper presented at School <strong>Milk</strong> Workshop, <strong>FAO</strong> Intergovernmental Group on Meat <strong>and</strong> <strong>Dairy</strong> <strong>Products</strong>, W<strong>in</strong>nipeg, Canada, 17–19 June 2004. Available at: http://typo3.fao.org/fileadm<strong>in</strong>/ templates/est/COMM_MARKETS_MONITORING/<strong>Dairy</strong>/Documents/School_ <strong>Milk</strong>_<strong>FAO</strong>_background.pdf. Accessed 16 October 2012. Grillenberger, M., Neumann, C.G., Murphy, S.P., Bwibo, N.O., van’t Veer, P., Hautvast, J.G.A.J. & West, C.E. 2003. Food supplements have a positive impact on weight ga<strong>in</strong> <strong>and</strong> the addition of animal source foods <strong>in</strong>creases lean body mass of Kenyan school children. J. Nutr., 133(11): 3957S–3964S. Habicht, J.P., Victora, C.G. & Vaughan, J.P. 1999. Evaluation designs for adequacy, plausibility <strong>and</strong> probability of public health programme performance <strong>and</strong> impact. Int. J. Epidemiol., 28(1): 10–18. Hall, A., Tran Thi, M.H., Farley, K., Tran Pham, N.Q. & Valdivia, F. 2007. An evaluation of the impact of a school nutrition programme <strong>in</strong> Vietnam. Public Health Nutr., 10(8): 819–826. Herrero-Barbudo, C., Olmedilla-Alonso, B., Granado-Lorencio, F. & Blanco- Navarro, I. 2006. Bioavailability of vitam<strong>in</strong>s A <strong>and</strong> E from whole <strong>and</strong> vitam<strong>in</strong>fortified milks <strong>in</strong> control subjects. Eur. J. Nutr., 45(7): 391–398. Hess, S.Y., Lonnerdal, B., Hotz, C., Rivera, J.A. & Brown, K.H. 2009. Recent advances <strong>in</strong> knowledge of z<strong>in</strong>c nutrition <strong>and</strong> human health. Food Nutr. Bull., 30(1): S5–S11. Hoffbr<strong>and</strong>, A., Moss, P. & Pettit, J. 2006. Essential haematology. Fifth edition. Oxford, UK, Blackwell Publish<strong>in</strong>g. Hoorweg, J., Leegwater, P. & Veerman, W. 2000. <strong>Nutrition</strong> <strong>in</strong> agricultural development: Intensive dairy farm<strong>in</strong>g by rural smallholders. Ecol. Food Nutr., 39: 395–416.
296 <strong>Milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> dairy products <strong>in</strong> human nutrition Hop, L.T. 2003. Programs to improve production <strong>and</strong> consumption of animal source foods <strong>and</strong> malnutrition <strong>in</strong> Vietnam. J. Nutr., 133(11): 4006S–4009S. Hoppe, C., Mølgaard, C. & Michaelsen, K.F. 2006. Cow’s milk <strong>and</strong> l<strong>in</strong>ear growth <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustrialized <strong>and</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g countries. Annu. Rev. Nutr., 26(1): 131–173. Hoppe, C., Andersen, G.S., Jacobsen, S., Mølgaard, C., Friis, H., Sangild, P.T. & Michaelsen, K.F. 2008. The use of whey or skimmed milk powder <strong>in</strong> fortified blended foods for vulnerable groups. J. Nutr., 138(1): 145S–161S. Iannotti, L., Cunn<strong>in</strong>gham, K. & Ruel, M.T. 2009. Diversify<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to healthy diets: homestead food production <strong>in</strong> Bangladesh. In D.J. Spielman & R. P<strong>and</strong>ya-Lorch, eds. Millions fed: proven successes <strong>in</strong> agricultural development, pp. 145–151. Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, DC, International Food Policy Research Institute. Iannotti, L., Muehlhoff, E. & McMahon, D. 2013. Review of milk <strong>and</strong> dairy programmes affect<strong>in</strong>g nutrition. J. Dev. Effectiveness, 5(1): 82-115. Iost, C., Name, J.J., Jeppsen, R.B. & Ashmead, H.D. 1998. Replet<strong>in</strong>g hemoglob<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> iron deficiency anemia <strong>in</strong> young children through liquid milk fortification with bioavailable iron am<strong>in</strong>o acid chelate. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 17(2): 187–194. Isanaka, S., Nombela, N., Djibo, A., Poupard, M., Van Beckhoven, D., Gaboulaud, V., Guer<strong>in</strong>, P.J. & Grais, R.F. 2009. Effect of preventive supplementation with readyto-use therapeutic food on the nutritional status, mortality, <strong>and</strong> morbidity of children aged 6 to 60 months <strong>in</strong> Niger: a cluster r<strong>and</strong>omized trial. JAMA, 301(3): 277–285. Leroy, J.L. & Frongillo, E.A. 2007. Can <strong>in</strong>terventions to promote animal production ameliorate undernutrition J. Nutr., 137(10): 2311–2316. Lutter, C.K., Rodriguez, A., Fuenmayor, G., Avila, L., Sempertegui, F. & Escobar, J. 2008. Growth <strong>and</strong> micronutrient status <strong>in</strong> children receiv<strong>in</strong>g a fortified complementary food. J. Nutr., 138(2): 379–388. Matilsky, D.K., Maleta, K., Castleman, T. & Manary, M. 2009. Supplementary feed<strong>in</strong>g with fortified spreads results <strong>in</strong> higher recovery rates than with a corn/soy blend <strong>in</strong> moderately wasted children. J. Nutr., 139(4):773–778. Mull<strong>in</strong>s, G. & Wahome, L. 1996. Impacts of <strong>in</strong>tensive dairy production on smallholder farm women <strong>in</strong> coastal Kenya. Hum. Ecol. Interdiscip. J., 24(2): 231. Murphy, S.P. & Allen, L.H. 2003. <strong>Nutrition</strong>al importance of animal source foods. J. Nutr., 133(11): 3932S–3935S. Neumann, C.G., Murphy, S.P., Gewa, C., Grillenberger, M., & Bwibo, N.O. 2007. Meat supplementation improves growth, cognitive, <strong>and</strong> behavioral outcomes <strong>in</strong> Kenyan children. J. Nutr., 137(4): 1119–1123. Oakley, E., Re<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g, J., S<strong>and</strong>ige, H., Trehan, I., Kennedy, G., Maleta, K. & Manary, M. 2010. A ready-to-use therapeutic food conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g 10% milk is less effective than one with 25% milk <strong>in</strong> the treatment of severely malnourished children. J. Nutr., 140(12): 2248–2252. Orr, J.B. 1928. <strong>Milk</strong> Consumption <strong>and</strong> the growth of school children. Lancet, 1: 202–203. Popk<strong>in</strong>, B.M. 2006. Global nutrition dynamics. The world is shift<strong>in</strong>g rapidly toward a diet l<strong>in</strong>ked with non-communicable diseases. Am. J. Cl<strong>in</strong>. Nutr., 84(2): 289–298. R<strong>and</strong>olph, T.F., Schell<strong>in</strong>g, E., Grace, D., Nicholson, C.F., Leroy, J.L., Cole, D.C., Demment, M.W., Omore, A., Z<strong>in</strong>sstag, J. & Ruel, M. 2007. Role of livestock <strong>in</strong> human nutrition <strong>and</strong> health for poverty reduction <strong>in</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g countries. J. Anim. Sci., 85(11): 2788–2800.
- Page 1 and 2:
MILK dairy products in and human nu
- Page 3 and 4:
cover photo credits front: © EADD/
- Page 5 and 6:
iv 2.7 Emerging issues and challeng
- Page 7 and 8:
vi 5.2 Dairy components 209 5.2.1 M
- Page 9 and 10:
viii 9.2 Key trends and emerging is
- Page 11 and 12:
x 2.5 Per capita energy intake from
- Page 13 and 14:
xii Preface Billions of people arou
- Page 15 and 16:
xiv The publication serves a variet
- Page 17 and 18:
xvi (Research Assistant Professor,
- Page 19 and 20:
xviii Permissions granted by extern
- Page 21 and 22:
xx FPCM fat and protein-corrected m
- Page 23 and 24:
xxii Contributors Anthony Bennett j
- Page 25 and 26:
xxiv from the National University o
- Page 27 and 28:
xxvi Award 2010 along with colleagu
- Page 29 and 30:
2 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 31 and 32:
4 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 33 and 34:
6 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 35 and 36:
8 Milk and dairy products in human
- Page 38 and 39:
11 Chapter 2 Milk availability: Cur
- Page 40 and 41:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 42 and 43:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 44 and 45:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 46 and 47:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 48 and 49:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 50 and 51:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 52 and 53:
Table 2.5 Volume and share of milk
- Page 54 and 55:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 56 and 57:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 58 and 59:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 60 and 61:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 62 and 63:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 64 and 65:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 66 and 67:
Chapter 2 - Milk availability: Curr
- Page 68 and 69:
41 Chapter 3 Milk and dairy product
- Page 70 and 71:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 72 and 73:
Table 3.1 Proximate composition of
- Page 74 and 75:
Table 3.2 (continued) Vitamins Ribo
- Page 76 and 77:
Table 3.4 Mineral composition in mi
- Page 78 and 79:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 80 and 81:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 82 and 83:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 84 and 85:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 86 and 87:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 88 and 89:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 90 and 91:
Table 3.6 (continued) Riboflavin Vi
- Page 92 and 93:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 94 and 95:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 96 and 97:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 98 and 99:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 100 and 101:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 102 and 103:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 104 and 105:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 106 and 107:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 108 and 109:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 110 and 111:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 112 and 113:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 114 and 115:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 116 and 117:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 118 and 119:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 120 and 121:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 122 and 123:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 124 and 125:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 126 and 127:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 128 and 129:
Chapter 3 - Milk and dairy product
- Page 130 and 131:
103 Chapter 4 Milk and dairy produc
- Page 132 and 133:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 134 and 135:
Table 4.1 Nutrient content of full
- Page 136 and 137:
Table 4.2 Contents of selected nutr
- Page 138 and 139:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 140 and 141:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 142 and 143:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 144 and 145:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 146 and 147:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 148 and 149:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 150 and 151:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 152 and 153:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 154 and 155:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 156 and 157:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 158 and 159:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 160 and 161:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 162 and 163:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 164 and 165:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 166 and 167:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 168 and 169:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 170 and 171:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 172 and 173:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 174 and 175:
Table 4.4 Summary of recent review
- Page 176 and 177:
Table 4.4 (continued) Reference Die
- Page 178 and 179:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 180 and 181:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 182 and 183:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 184 and 185:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 186 and 187:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 188 and 189:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 190 and 191:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 192 and 193:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 194 and 195:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 196 and 197:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 198 and 199:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 200 and 201:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 202 and 203:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 204 and 205:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 206 and 207:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 208 and 209:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 210 and 211:
Annex Table 4.7 Milk and dairy prod
- Page 212 and 213:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 214 and 215:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 216 and 217:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 218 and 219:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 220 and 221:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 222 and 223:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 224 and 225:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 226 and 227:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 228 and 229:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 230 and 231:
Table 4.7 (continued) Region and co
- Page 232 and 233:
Chapter 4 - Milk and dairy products
- Page 234 and 235:
207 Chapter 5 Dairy components, pro
- Page 236 and 237:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 238 and 239:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 240 and 241:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 242 and 243:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 244 and 245:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 246 and 247:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 248 and 249:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 250 and 251:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 252 and 253:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 254 and 255:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 256 and 257:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 258 and 259:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 260 and 261:
Chapter 5 - Dairy components, produ
- Page 262 and 263:
Annex Table 5.2 EU register of dair
- Page 264 and 265:
Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
- Page 266 and 267:
Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
- Page 268 and 269:
Table 5.2 (continued) Claim type Ar
- Page 270 and 271:
243 Chapter 6 Safety and quality Ma
- Page 272 and 273: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 245
- Page 274 and 275: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 247
- Page 276 and 277: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 249
- Page 278 and 279: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 251
- Page 280 and 281: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 253
- Page 282 and 283: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 255
- Page 284 and 285: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 257
- Page 286 and 287: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 259
- Page 288 and 289: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 261
- Page 290 and 291: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 263
- Page 292 and 293: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 265
- Page 294 and 295: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 267
- Page 296 and 297: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 269
- Page 298 and 299: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 271
- Page 300: Chapter 6 - Safety and quality 273
- Page 303 and 304: 276 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 305 and 306: 278 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 307 and 308: 280 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 309 and 310: 282 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 311 and 312: 284 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 313 and 314: 286 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 315 and 316: 288 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 317 and 318: 290 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 319 and 320: 292 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 321: 294 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 325 and 326: 298 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 327 and 328: Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 329 and 330: Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 331 and 332: Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 333 and 334: Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 335 and 336: Table 7.1 (continued) 308 Country/o
- Page 337 and 338: Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 339 and 340: Table 7.1 (continued) Country/organ
- Page 341 and 342: 314 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 343 and 344: 316 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 345 and 346: 318 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 347 and 348: 320 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 349 and 350: 322 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 351 and 352: 324 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 353 and 354: 326 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 355 and 356: 328 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 357 and 358: 330 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 359 and 360: 332 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 361 and 362: 334 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 363 and 364: 336 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 365 and 366: 338 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 367 and 368: 340 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 369 and 370: 342 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 371 and 372: 344 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 373 and 374:
346 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 375 and 376:
348 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 377 and 378:
350 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 379 and 380:
352 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 381 and 382:
354 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 383 and 384:
356 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 385 and 386:
358 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 387 and 388:
360 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 389 and 390:
362 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 391 and 392:
364 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 393 and 394:
366 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 395 and 396:
368 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 397 and 398:
370 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 399 and 400:
372 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 401 and 402:
374 Milk and dairy products in huma
- Page 403 and 404:
376 Milk and dairy products in huma