Milk-and-Dairy-Products-in-Human-Nutrition-FAO

Table 7.1 (continued)
ASIA AND PACIFIC
Country/organization
Title (duration)
Reference
China
Milk supplementation
trial
(April 1999–March 2001)
Du et al. (2004)
Zhu et al. (2006)
Mongolia/Government
of Mongolia
School milk and
nutrition in Gobi Desert
(2006–present)
CFC, APHCAP and FAO
(2008)
Target
population
Girls 10 yrs
5–10 yrs
Primary
school
children
Goal/ objective
Investigate the
effect of milk
supplementation
in pre-pubertal
children on
growth and
bone health; test
whether vitamin D
fortification would
improve vitamin D
status
Improve nutrition
of children
vulnerable to
undernutrition
and micronutrient
deficiencies
Intervention:
strategy and activities
Daily milk
supplementation
provided to girls in
primary schools
for two years
*Nine primary
schools matched
and randomised
*Students receive 200 ml
of milk daily
*Public–private
partnership that supports
only domestically
produced milk and
milk products
*Linked to Mongolia
milk advertising and
education campaign
Design:
comparison groups
and methods
Longitudinal, cluster
randomised study for
intervention efficacy
after 3 yr
Follow-up longitudinal study
after another 3 years after
trial in 501 of 698 girls
Group 1 – 330 ml of milk
fortified with Ca (n=238)
Group 2 – 330 ml of milk
fortified with cholecalciferol
(n=260)
Group 3 – control (n=259)
Groups 1 & 2 received milk
daily for 2 years during the
school days
Dairy food security project
study assessed only coverage
and market linkages
Level of Inference
Results
Plausibility
*Both milk groups showed
significant increases in height
(≥0.6%); sitting height (≥0.8%),
body weight (≥2.9 %),
size-adjusted total body bone
mineral content (≥1.2%); and
bone mineral density (≥3.2%)
compared to control (group 3)
*Group 2 with cholecalciferol
showed significant changes in
bone mineral content and bone
mineral density; and improved
vitamin D status compared
to Group 1, milk without
cholecalciferol
*Follow-up study found no
significant differences in total
bone-mineral content or density
*Follow-up study showed greater
gains in sitting height (0.9±0.3%;
P=0.02)
Adequacy
*200 000 children reached
Chapter 7 – Milk and dairy programmes affecting nutrition 305