Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

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NICOTINE DOSING CHARACTERISTICS ACROSS TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Table 9.7 The yields of select toxic and carcinogenic agents in the MS of a novel
nitrosamine-free cigarette test-marketed in the US
(http://www.starscientific.com/066745321909/advancesmoke.html)
Compound FTC method Massachusetts % Reduction (compared
method to 3 commercial brands
(Mass method)
Nicotine (mg/cigt.) 0.8 1.7 (−) 0
Tar (mg/cigt.) 10.8 20.8 (−) 8.4
CO (mg/cigt.) 8.7 18.7 (−) 17.2
BaP (ng/cigt.) 8.1 18.4 (−) 8.0
4-ABP (ng/cigt.) 2.1 3.5 (−) 18.6
Formaldehyde (µg/cigt.) 36.0 81.2 (+) 46.8
NOx (µg/cigt.) 101.5 215.3 (−) 56.7
Ammonia (µg/cigt.) 12.8 28.0 (−) 33.0
Acrolein (µg/cigt.) 39.7 102.0 (−) 10.5
1,3-Butadiene (µg/cigt.) 46.9 94.3 (+) 1.1
Benzene (µg/cigt.) 29.6 66.9 (−) 14.9
NNN (ng/cigt.) 39.8 73.0 (−) 75.4
NNK (ng/cigt.) 15.6 30.2 (−) 84.4
than burns tobacco is to simplify the chemical composition and reduce the
biological activity of the mainstream and sidestream smoke, and to achieve a significant
reduction of environmental tobacco smoke. While this cigarette burns some
tobacco, it does not use tobacco as the fuel to sustain combustion and to provide heat
to the cigarette. Rather, this new cigarette primarily heats tobacco, thereby reducing
products of smoke formation mechanisms such as tobacco combustion, tobacco pyrolysis,
and pyrosynthesis. The MS composition from a cigarette based on the new design
has been characterized in comparative chemical testing with two Kentucky reference
cigarettes using the FTC machine-smoking method. The data shown in Table 9.8 indicate
that the mainstream concentrations of most targeted compounds are significantly
lower in this unconventional cigarette than in KY 1R4F reference low-yield cigarette.
Although the new product delivered a lower amount of nicotine, the absorption of
nicotine from this cigarette was not found to be significantly different from nicotine
delivered by tobacco-burning cigarettes (Benowitz et al. 1997). Carboxyhemoglobin
(COHb) and expired breath CO levels were elevated by 24.4 and 30.6%, respectively, in
smokers after switching to new product that heats tobacco (Smith et al. 1998). In contrast,
the urine mutagenicity of smokers of the new cigarette was significantly lower