Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

Table 34.9 Cohort studies that reported results on cataracts and smoking
Study Country Number Total number of Gender Cigarette Relative risk* in current smokers
of subjects subjects with cataracts consumption compared to never-smokers (95% CI)
Klein et al. 1993 USA 2164 261, diagnosis Men 1.09 (1.05–1.14)
2762 547, diagnosis Women 1.09 (1.04–1.16)
Christen et al. 2000 USA 20 907 1118, diagnosis Men 1.49 (1.30–1.72)
662, extraction 1.52 (1.26–1.85)
Hankinson et al. 1992 USA 50 828 480, extraction Women 1–14 cigs/day 0.71 (0.46–1.11)
15–24 1.33 (0.99–1.79)
25–34 1.40 (0.93–2.10)
≥35 1.58 (0.96–2.60)
Weintraub et al. 2002 USA 77 749 1900, extraction Men and women 1–14 cigs/day 1.12 (0.75–1.68)
≥15 1.53 (1.39–1.69)
Hiller et al. 1997 USA 660 381, diagnosis Men and women 1–19 cigs/day 1.65 (0.82–3.34)
≥20 2.84 (1.46–5.51)
Some of the women in Hankinson et al. (1992) are included in Weintraub et al. (2002).
*All adjusted for at least age.
Table 34.10 Cohort studies that reported results on age-related maculopathy and smoking
Study Country Number Total number of subjects with Gender Cigarette Relative risk in current smokers
of subjects age-related maculopathy consumption compared to never-smokers (95% CI)
Christen et al. 1996 USA 21 157 268 Men 1–20 cigs/day 1.18 (0.57–2.42)
≥20 2.57 (1.70–3.90)
Seddon et al. 1996 USA 31 843 215 Women 1.9 (1.3–2.6)
Klein et al. 1998 USA 632 81 Men 1.69 (0.96–2.98)
1200 112 Women 0.80 (0.48–1.33)