Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

212
TOBACCO IN GREAT BRITAIN
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Jan-
92
40
36
Smoking in pregnancy
From 1992 to 2000, the Health Education Authority (HEA) conducted annual surveys
among pregnant women in England. The proportion of pregnant smokers fluctuated
over that time (Owen and Penn 1999). In 1999 nearly a third of women (31.5%) smoked
during pregnancy compared to 27 per cent in 1992. Smoking was especially prevalent
among women who were single, separated, or divorced, in social groups DE, living in
rented social housing or who had left full-time education at 15 and 16 years old. In this
period, smoking remained consistently high among young women from manual social
groups (Fig. 10.4).
Looking at current smoking by trimester of pregnancy shows that the proportion of
women who stop smoking during pregnancy is small; stopping tends to happen in the
first trimester. On average across the nine surveys, 32 per cent of women were smoking
in the first trimester, compared with 27 per cent in the second trimester and 25 per
cent in the third (Owen and Penn 1999).
Conclusion
Smoking prevalence among pregnant women by social class and age
1992–1999
34
14 14
Mar-
92
45 45 46
36 35
11
Mar-
93
14
Mar-
94
49 49
41
11
Mar-
95
39
15
Mar-
96
Britain has had a long association with tobacco, both through trade and domestic use.
After the declines in cigarette smoking prevalence of the last quarter century, it would
be tempting to think that the affair was drawing to an end, but it is far from over. Over
a quarter of the adult population still smokes cigarettes and there has been little change
in prevalence over a decade. Smoking is stubbornly high among pregnant women,
secondary schoolchildren and the most disadvantaged members of society. The UK
government has set its sights on cutting deaths from coronary heart disease and
41
37
13
Mar-
97
39
32
10
Mar-
98
51
43
15
Mar-
99
All
45
37
13
ABC1
C2DE
16-24 C2DE
Fig. 10.4 Prevalence of cigarette smoking among pregnant women by social class and age:
1992–1999. (Source: Owen and Penn 1999.)