Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

Table 32.3 Case–control studies of active smoking and ischaemic heart disease in Perth, Western Australia
Type of arterial disease Definition Daily Cases Controls Odds ratio 95% Confidence Adjusted for:
(Period of study) and source consumption limits
[Reference]
Sex and age-groups
of cases of cigarettes
Ischaemic heart AMI: Perth n = 174 n = 843 age, history of
disease (1989) MONICA Never smoked 1.0 – hypertension,
(Liew 1989) Register Ex-smoker maternal history
Men only; 25–64 years 1−24 1.71 0.87, 3.37 of IHD, vigorous
25+
Current smoker
2.37 1.14, 4.96 exercise
1–24 2.07 1.06, 4.05
25+ 6.65 3.27, 13.5
Ischaemic heart AMI: Perth n = 336 n = 735 age, dietary salt,
disease (1994) MONICA Never smoked 1.0 – fat, meat, alcohol,
(Spencer et al. 1999) Register Ex-smoker 2.0 1.25, 3.33 exercise, obesity,
diabetes, history
Men only; 25–64 years Current smoker 2.5 1.67, 3.33 of hypertension,
angina, low
cholesterol diet
Ischaemic heart AMI: Perth n = 416 n = 935 age, marital status,
disease (1990–1993) MONICA Never smoked 1.0 – source of income,
(Lambert 2000) Register Ex-smoker 1.34 0.94, 1.91 alcohol, exercise,
Women only; Current smoker 3.87 2.67, 5.61 dietary fat, diabetes
25–64 years