Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

Table 23.1 (continued) Tobacco use and risk of oral cancer
Author (year) Cancer site Major results Comments
country
(Cases/controls)
Cigarettes Cigar/pipe Smokeless
Kabat et al. Oral cavity OR = 2.0 (95% CI Women only and the
(1989), US 1.0–4.0) for current numbers of cases and
(125/107) vs. never controls were small
Zheng et al. Tongue and OR = 1.6 for ever vs. Pipe: OR = 5.7 for The combined effects of tobacco
(1990), Beijing, oral cavity never smokers ever vs. never in men and alcohol were approximately
China (404/404) multiplicative. Tobacco
smoking accounts for about
34% of all cases of oral
cancer in this population
Talamini et al. Oral cavity, OR = 3.8 (95% CI The results are for
(1990), pharynx 0.2–58.2) for non-drinkers
Northern Italy smokers of
(336/1652) 15
cigarettes per day
La Vecchia et al. Oral cavity, Oral cavity/pharynx: Reference category is
(1990), pharynx, RR = 2.3 (95% CI smokers of cigarette brands
Northern Italy larynx 1.6–3.2) Larynx: with less than 22 mg tar
(741/1272) RR = 1.8 (95% CI 1.2–2.8) yield per cigarette