Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

Table 23.1 (continued) Tobacco use and risk of oral cancer
Author (year) Cancer site Major results Comments
country
(Cases/controls)
Cigarettes Cigar/pipe Smokeless
Moreno-lopez et al. Oral cavity OR = 8.3 (95% The number of cases and
(1999), Spain CI 3.4–20.4) for controls was small
(75/150) smoking of >20
cigarettes per day
La Vecchia et al. Oral cavity OR = 8.4 (95% Significantly reduced risk was
(1999), Italy and pharny CI 6.6–10.6) for observed for smoking cessation
(1280/4179) current vs. never
Zavras et al. (2000), Oral cavity and OR = 3.3 (95% OR was 8.3 (95% CI 2.4–29.1)
Greece (110/115) pharynx CI 1.3–8.5) for for smoking >50 pack years
smoking of >50 and drinking 28 drinks per week.
pack years during The number of cases and
lifetime controls was small
Talamini et al. Tongue, OR = 14.8 (95% The number of cases and
(2000), Italy mouth, and CI 3.1–70.4) for controls was small
(132/148) pharynx smoking of ≥25
cigarettes per day
Garrote et al. (2001), Oral cavity, OR = 20.8 (95% OR = 20.45 A supra-multiplicative effect
Havana city, Cuba pharynx CI 8.9–48.3) for (95% CI 4.7–89.7) for smoking and drinking on
(200/200) smoking of ≥30 for smoking of >4 oral cancer risk. 82% of oral
cigarettes per day cigars/pipes per day cancer cases in Cuba attributable
to tobacco smoking