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Tobacco and Public Health - TCSC Indonesia

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372<br />

LARYNGEAL CANCER<br />

Relative risk<br />

100<br />

10<br />

1<br />

NS (Ref.) 1–19 20 21�cpd<br />

Men Women<br />

Fig. 21.1 Relative risk of laryngeal cancer by amount of smoking (American Cancer Society<br />

Cancer Prevention Study 1) (Burch et al. 1996).<br />

Table 21.2 Odds ratios of laryngeal cancer among ex-smokers: results of selected<br />

case–control studies<br />

Study* Years since quitting OR 95% CI<br />

Tuyns et al. 1988 < 1** 1.0 Ref.<br />

1–4 1.5 1.2–2.0<br />

5–9 0.5 0.3–0.8<br />

>9 0.3 0.2–0.4<br />

Zatonski et al. 1991 < 5** 1.0 Ref.<br />

5–10 0.8 0.3–1.8<br />

> 10 0.3 0.1–0.6<br />

Zheng et al. 1992 < 2** 1.0 Ref.<br />

*See Table 21.1 for details on study design.<br />

**Including current smokers.<br />

2–4 1.8 0.6–4.9<br />

5–9 0.6 0.2–1.5<br />

> 9 0.6 0.3–1.2

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