LUCIA SAVA, Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chişinău la - Asociatia ...

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Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chişinău la începutul secoului al XX-lea (1900-1918) 207 We live inside of a vacuum which would be colored with various shades and lights, we live inside of a set of relations that define the irreducible locations to each other and are absolutely not super-posable”. From the historical point of view, we can talk about daily life when its historicity appears , being understood as the occurence of problems in human existence. History (in its multidimensional dimensions: economic, political, cultural) would not be possible without ensuring physical and biological maintenance of the individual and community through work. Thus the world of daily life has always existed througout history, since the man has achieved social dimension, each generation sends only a certain organization of the world, performed by others and not by someone in particular. The subject of daily life is identical, equal, homogeneous. Life defined by „daily life” is a repetitive, mechanical life, a life lived in absence, a life which is passing by itself, the life reason in daily life is given by the pleasure found by people in repetitiveness .People simply want to live their today’s life as it was yesterday , the habits should remain intact, and the safety of yesterday should be perpetuated today. Also, we cannot solitary talk about daily life.The daily life involves publicity, division of the people and self-belonging to it. Any daily experience is a common experience, in the sense that the opportunity, its realization or interpretation cannot be achieved without any social framework, in the full material and spiritual presence of others. Who lives in the daily life? No way the noble or aristocrat who owe their nobility to some events that are not of the daily life’s order. The noble gets his nobility by recognizing the exceptional nature of an action. He is ennobled by the ceremony and ritual that take him out of the average. The worker, on the contrary, extracts his professional determination and confirmation by carrying out daily one and the same operations. More precisely he is as such because his days are identic to each other, one day is similar to the other one, none of his days differ from the other day. From this perspective, the daily life emerges when the exeptional leaves the history to be hidden in the shady and gloomy rooms of the past. It occurs when its subject, the simple man takes the place of his opposite: the exceptional man, the hero, the king, the prince. From mentioned above results the complex and sometimes contradictory nature to approach the subjects of daily life, the hard assemblage of a parahistoric discourse, because in his approach, the historian must always appeal to some aspects of daily life to others’ detriment.
208 Lucia Sava Models and methods of research. Nothing is more difficult while addressing the daily life’s subjects than establishing some methods or models of research. The difficulty of the study results from the fact that „we are on the untouched field” (Ariès, Ph., Duby, G.), on which there are few forerunners, who tried to explore in this domain, and the informations which seem to be numerous at first glance, are spread out in all directions, so that the priority offered to some of them could be done to others’ detriment. To the mentioned above could be added the aspects of variety and complexity related to the problems of daily life. Due to the fact that history is related to the group of human beings rather than to an individual, because it is the history of societies, nations, civilizations, even mankind (P. Veyne), therefore that what represents a comunity, the historian will not tell, for example meals, all lunches and dinners of all the people, but he will refer to these meals, which together make up the cookery customs of a civilization, or he will tell the history of some society’s cuisine lasting during centuries.The difficulty gets even greater, with the mutual articulation and determination of both private and public spheres,all these brings to fear to be slipped over the history of individualism. From the other hand, the history is written through its own personality, namely based on a stock of knowledge (sometimes maybe confusing) that the author has gathered during his life time. This experience is transferable and cumulative, however it is not a proper research method because everyone makes his experience taking into consideration his own powers and will. This fact determines the individual character of the historical writings, which limit the historic objectivity together with the documentation gaps and experiences’ diversity. Defining the historian’s mission, which consists of bringing to order and selection of the documents, of the researchers,being carried out on the level of the gross document, the historian Marc Bloch specifies that „these products of unequal efforts should be classified, ordered, compared to each other” and then out of this material should be built the Sixteen Chapels of the history.” The study of the subjects describing the daily life or mentalities could be realized from different perspectives. As by the general approach to the history and social science, in such kind of studies are equally important the comparison and usage of models, the quantitative method and usage of social ”microscope”. The comparison represents one of the favourite methods by the histo-
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VIAŢA COTIDIANĂ ÎN ORAŞUL CHIŞ
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Lucia SAVA VIAŢA COTIDIANĂ ÎN OR
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CUPRINS Mulţumiri ................
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Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chiş
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Editura „Pontos” Str. 31 august
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LUCIA SAVA, Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chişinău la - Asociatia ...

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