LUCIA SAVA, Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chişinău la - Asociatia ...

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Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chişinău la începutul secoului al XX-lea (1900-1918) 223 just in the same census of 1897, when it was found that the number of card ştiutorilor represent 15.6% of the total population of the province, while the entire Russian Empire was 21.1 % and the European province of Russia taken together, was slightly higher, 22.9%. Assessed in terms of literacy, Bessarabia is ranked 45 of the 50 governorates in the European part of Russia’s autocratic. Reader’s number of books in the urban population constituted 32.8% of Bessarabia, while they were in Chisinau 39.3% of total city population, 49.1% were male and only 28.6% were the people females (only 20.4% in Chisinau county were literate). 1.1.4. Mentality and national identity. Nationalism as a legitimate political doctrine and the concept of ethnic identity as one of its constituent elements occur as a result of the French Revolution and coincide with the period in which parts of Bessarabia by the Russian Empire, the Principality of Moldavia. Thus, Bessarabia was isolated from the rest of Europe even during the national idea, of ethnic identity and pride of belonging to a community with the same language, culture, traditions and rights of each such communities to create their own state gaining more and more land in Europe. This situation resulted essentially delay the emergence of national consciousness in Romanian Bessarabia, in the sense of political consciousness. There were also other factors, which according to historian Igor Casu contributed to that phenomenon: low rate of urbanization of the local population, mass illiteracy, lack of a standard language of communication, lack of Romanian language press, information considered by some authors essential to the emergence of imagined communities, and is the nation. Furthermore, a factor usually triggered ethnic differentiation processes in other regions - the colonization of foreign elements - had little impact on kin. Unlike other Romanian provinces disposed (eg, unknown), where there are clear religious differentiation in Russian Bessarabia most settlers - Russians, Ukrainians, Bulgarians - were the same religious denomination, Christian Church, which has resulted from local population an acute perception that the arrivals were clearly foreign, respectively, were not absolute otherness. There is still no systematic data on the crossroads Basarabians mentality XIX-XX centuries. However, foreigners who have known Bessarabia, shortly after 1812, "boasted simplicity, steadfastness in ancient faith, courage against death and obedience to authority. (P. Cazacu). According to witnesses period, the Moldovan national consciousness of Bessarabia was not able to express freely under the Russian tsars. Moldovan
224 Lucia Sava organization was achieved only at the beginning of the twentieth century, when following the example of other nationalities in Russia, began to learn their methods and courage in regard to political claims, national, economic, cultural, social and administrative Bessarabia . As a result, the Bessarabia’n Union Act was written with golden letters in our nation’s history, the triumph of our justice, and world history as an act of general application field for the principle that people slaughtered in World War: the right of nations to have their fate. Therefore, due to subjective or objective factors, the Romanians from Basarabia mentality during the eve and after the Union, is still quite unwilling to literacy work of the Romanian state and we assume that progress in the process of awareness of national identity Bessarabia was difficult or understood differently, not too enthusiastic, how to assert membership of the Romanian nation, in any case not by too much love of books and national enlightenment. The vicissitudes of the period, the accumulated frustrations caused thereby preserving, if not increased regional identity: „We first of all Moldovan, Romanian and then, at the expense of pan-Romanian identity.” The political regime’s repercussions on daily life. The political regime change was not always idyllic received in daily life. With a normal psychological and social comfort in a rigid social and political system, individuals react negatively to any change spontaneously, even if seen in time, changing the political regime leaves its fingerprints on the mentality and everyday life. Thus, the attitude towards the political regime tsarist Moldovans, established following the annexation of Bessarabia to the Czarist Empire in 1812, was modeled largely under the impact of their actions and reflects the light of traditional attitudes. Thus found that the natives do not wear a response organized nature, but most spontaneously only premises that support the different strata were different: while the boyars argued customary land and local laws, farmers sought to preserve the material situation and Social achieved in the past. In fact, strengthening indigenous identity politics as a reaction to the Russian government itself was a process neconştientizat of his subjects. Similar findings are made, and L. Casso, who has a negative position towards the attitude of Moldovans: thus, it shows distrust of Russian authorities and officials tend to limit interference in Russian internal life of the province and to preserve local autonomy. The Bessarabian same conservative side will continue after the change of political regime Russia. Initially, the Union Act of 27 March is considered as
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VIAŢA COTIDIANĂ ÎN ORAŞUL CHIŞ
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Lucia SAVA VIAŢA COTIDIANĂ ÎN OR
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CUPRINS Mulţumiri ................
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Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chiş
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Editura „Pontos” Str. 31 august
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LUCIA SAVA, Viaţa cotidiană în oraşul Chişinău la - Asociatia ...

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