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Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar

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(vi) The addition of -lAr can also highlight the spatial extent of the substance referred to,<br />

whether in area or volume terms:<br />

(34) Kum(lar)a uzandım.<br />

‘I lay down on the sand.’<br />

<strong>Turkish</strong>: A comprehensive grammar 150<br />

(vii) In the case of nouns expressing abstract states, the addition of the plural suffix<br />

usually expresses a plurality of occurrences of this state:<br />

(35) Böyle tembelliklerim çok oluyor.<br />

‘I’m often lazy like this.’ (‘Such acts of laziness on my part occur often.’)<br />

(viii) -lAr can be added to certain expressions of time and place, giving a sense of<br />

approximation, or giving the expression a wider meaning. The list below gives some<br />

common examples. Although the locative case-marked form is shown for several items,<br />

other case markings also occur according to context.<br />

buralarda ‘around here’<br />

bir yerler ‘anywhere’, ‘somewhere’<br />

oralar (güzel) ‘(It’s nice) round there.’<br />

Erzurum taraflarında ‘around Erzurum’, ‘in the Erzurum area’<br />

uzaklarda ‘in the distance’<br />

1995 ortalarında ‘about the middle of 1995’<br />

mayıs başlarında ‘at about the beginning of May’<br />

bu haftanın sonlarına doğru ‘towards the end of this week’<br />

o sıralarda ‘at about that time’<br />

o tarihlerde ‘around that date’, ‘at that period’<br />

şimdilerde ‘these days’<br />

sonralari ‘later on’<br />

bir zamanlar ‘once’ (=at some time in the past)<br />

Approximations about people’s age fit into the same pattern:<br />

kırkbeş yaşlarında bir adam ‘a man of about fory-five’<br />

o yaşlarda ‘at about that age’<br />

(ix) For the use of -lArI to express recurrent time (sabahları ‘in the morning(s)’,<br />

cumartesileri ‘on Saturdays’, etc.) see 16.4.1.1 (63).<br />

(x)<br />

(a) When attached to the name of a famous person, -lAr means ‘and people like<br />

that’:

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