Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar

Pronouns 249
they usually contain the verb sev- ‘like’, ‘love’ (hence, seven ‘lover’, ‘admirer’) or other
verbs of emotion such as iste- ‘want’, beğen- ‘admire’, nefret et-‘hate’:
(121) Opera-nın sev-en-i çok. (cf. Operayı seven çok.)
opera-GEN like-PART-3SG.POSS many
‘[There] are many lovers of opera.’ (‘[There] are many [people] who love opera.’)
18.5 PRONOMINAL EXPRESSIONS WITH -ki
The suffix -ki (8.1.4), which is used for forming attributive adjectives (15.3.6–7), has a
pronominal function when used without a following noun phrase. This usage is possible
only where the type of entity that is being talked about is obvious from the context:
(122) Bahçe-de-ki-ler yapraklarını dökmeye başladı. (cf. Chapter 15 (24))
garden-LOC-PRON-PL
‘The ones in the garden have begun to shed their leaves.’
Note that any case suffixes attached to -ki have to be preceded by ‘n’ (6.2):
(123) Bu sabahkinde okudum. (cf. Chapter 15 (29))
‘I read it in this morning’s (one).’
öteki/↓öbürki ‘the other (one)’ (15.6.2) can also be used pronominally:
(124) Öteki size daha çok uydu galiba.
‘The other one seemed to suit you better.’
In addition, -ki can attach to any genitive-marked noun phrase to form a possessive
pronominal expression. These forms cannot be used as modifiers of noun phrases:
(125) Yeni bir bilgisayar almam gerek. Benimki iyi çalışmıyor.
‘I have to buy a new computer. Mine isn’t working properly.’
(126) Ayşe’nin arabası Ahmet’inkiyle karşılaştırılınca çok yeni duruyor.
‘Ayşe’s car looks very new when compared to Ahmet’s.’
18.6 OTHER PRONOMINAL EXPRESSIONS
18.6.1 PRONOMINAL QUANTIFIERS
The pronominal quantifiers of Turkish are herkes ‘everyone’, her şey ‘everything’, and
bir şey ‘something’, ‘anything’. All of these can be inflected for case and, with the
exception of herkes, for person as well.
(127) Artık otobüslerde herkesten para alıyorlar, genç olsun, yaşlı olsun.
‘Nowadays they charge everyone on buses, whether they are young or old.’
(128) Yanına her şeyini aldın mı?
‘Have you taken everything (that belongs to you) with you?’