Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar

Additionally, they can be modified by a genitive-marked noun phrase:
(102) Filmin orası çok önemliydi.
‘That part of the film was very important.’
18.3.2 DIRECTIONAL PRONOUNS
Directional pronouns are formed by the attachment of the 3rd person possessive marker -
(s)I to directional adverbials of place, such as dışarı ‘outside’ and aşağı ‘down’ (16.4.2):
(103) Aşağısı çok dağınık.
‘It’s very untidy downstairs.’
Turkish: A comprehensive grammar 246
When these forms are used as direct objects, accusative case marking is obligatory but
the possessive marker may be omitted:
(104) Alıcılar içeri-yi/içeri-sin-i görmedi.
inside-ACC/inside-3SG.POSS-ACC
‘The buyers haven’t seen inside yet.’
The form ötesi ‘the far side’ is usually used with a modifier:
(105) Köyün ötesinde bir dere var.
‘There is a stream beyond the village.’
The usage of beri (and forms derived from it, e.g. beriki ‘the other (one) (nearby)’) is
confined to provincial dialects. For öteki ‘the other (one)’, see 18.5.
18.4 PRONOMINALIZED ADJECTIVALS, NUMERALS AND
DETERMINERS
The possessive markers (8.1.2) are the main device used for creating pronouns from a
range of other grammatical forms. The pronouns are listed here in the 3rd person singular
possessive form, which is by far the most common form they are used in, although forms
containing 1st, 2nd and 3rd person plural possessive markers are also possible. Note that
in all of the forms below an accusative case marker is obligatory when they are used as
direct objects, see 14.3.3.2.
The possessive suffixes create pronominals from:
(i) Adjectives ((15.2); see also last section of 14.4): eskisi ‘the old one’, çirkini ‘an
uglier version’:
(106) Çamaşır makinası bozulmuş. Yeni-sin-i almamız lazım.
new-3SG.POSS-ACC
‘The washing machine has broken down. We have to get a new one.’
Simple adjectives can be used with any of the possessive suffixes, including the 1st and
2nd person singular forms: