Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar

‘Yılmaz is still working in the same place.’
(vii) hazır:
As an adverb, hazır (primarily an adjective meaning ‘ready’, ‘present’) is used almost
exclusively in converbial clauses marked by -(y)ken (26.2.3 (ii), 26.3.16 (iii)). It
expresses the idea that the state of affairs described by the subordinate clause provides an
opportunity for the performance of the action specified in the superordinate clause:
(80) [Hazır Ali buradayken] bilgisayar sorunumuzu ona soralım.
‘[Now that Ali is here], let’s ask him about our computer problem.’
(viii) hemen, derhal:
These mean ‘immediately’, ‘at once’:
(81) Bardakları hemen yıka.
‘Wash the glasses immediately.’
(ix) neredeyse:
This conveys that an event is expected imminently:
(82) Misafirler neredeyse gelir.
‘The guests will be arriving at any moment.’
16.4.2 PLACE ADVERBIALS
In general terms, location in, on, or at a place is expressed by locative case marking of a
noun phrase (14.3.3.4 (i), 13.1.3):
(83) Selim’in Berlin-de kızkardeşi varmış.
Berlin-LOC
‘Apparently Selim has a sister in Berlin.’
Movement to, into or on to a place is expressed by dative case marking of a noun phrase
(14.3.3.3 (i), 13.1.3):
(84) Artık ev-e gidiyorum.
house-DAT
‘I’m going home now.’
Adverbial constructions 207
Movement away from or out of a place is expressed by ablative case marking of a noun
phrase (14.3.3.5 (i), 13.1.3):
(85) Arkadaşımı havaalanın-dan alacağım.
airport-ABL
‘I’m going to collect my friend from the airport.’
Other spatial relationships are expressed by the set of possessive-marked postpositions
designated as group 1 in 17.3.1. iç-POSS-OBL and üst- POSS-OBL are often used in
preference to simple case marking of the noun phrase where the difference between the
concepts of on and in is felt to be important.