Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar

Turkish: A comprehensive grammar 414
‘We’ve had central heating installed [so as not to be cold in winter].’
As explained in 26.2.2 (i), this converb can also be used where the understood subject of
the purpose clause is a noun phrase occurring in a non-subject role in the superordinate
clause. However, where the purpose clause has an overt separate subject, -mAsI için ‘in
order that/for’, ‘so that’ is used:
(81) [Anne-m-in kışın üşü-me-me-si için] acaba ne yapabiliriz?
mother-1SG.POSS-GEN in.winter be.cold-NEG-CV-3SG.POSS for ‘I wonder
what we can do [so that my mother won’t be cold in winter]?’
In same-subject contexts where the superordinate verb is git- ‘go’ or gel-‘come’ -mAk
için is usually replaced by the dative-marked form of -mAk, namely -mAyA (see 8.5.1.2):
(82) Ayşe [kızını görmey]-e gitti.
‘Ayşe has gone [to see her daughter].’
26.3.13 QUANTITY OR DEGREE
Like simple adverbials of quantity or degree (16.5), this type of adverbial clause
expresses either (a) the quantity in which an event happens, or (b) the degree to which the
quality expressed by an adjective, or the manner expressed by an adverb, applies.
(i) -(y)AcAk kadar/derecede:
This construction can express the f act that the degree of the event or state in the
superordinate clause is sufficient to produce a certain result (intended or not). The version
with derecede is relatively uncommon and rather formal:
(83) [Komşuları uyutmayacak kadar] gürültü yapıyorlardı.
‘They were making enough noise [to keep the neighbours awake].’
(84) Sevim [hepimizi şaşırt acak derecede] güzel konuştu.
‘Sevim spoke so well [that she surprised us all].’
Some constructions of this type (notably şaşılacak kadar ‘amazingly’ and
inanıl(a)mayacak kadar ‘incredibly’) are semi-lexicalized as modifers of adjectives and
adverbs (for examples see 15.4.1.2, 16.9)
(ii) -DIğI/-(y)AcAğI kadar:
This construction specifies the quantity or degree of the event or state in the
superordinate clause in terms of commensurability with another event or state:
(85) Burada [istediğin kadar] kalabilirsin.
‘You can stay here [as long as you like].’
(86) Su [herkesin güvenle kullanabileceği kadar] temiz olmalı.
‘The water must be clean [enough for everyone to be able to use it with
confidence].’