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Management of Commercially Generated Radioactive Waste - U.S. ...

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H.2<br />

TABLE H.1. Hazard Indices(a)<br />

Interpretation (for (b)<br />

Hazard Index Definition and Inputs Nuclear <strong>Waste</strong> Isolation)<br />

Quantity <strong>of</strong> <strong>Radioactive</strong> <strong>Waste</strong> Inventory (or waste Comparison <strong>of</strong> waste inventories<br />

Material (Q) released) to natural radionuclides (or for<br />

use below) (Winegardner and<br />

Jansen 1974).<br />

Maximum Permissible 10 CFR 20 Relative hazards <strong>of</strong> radioactive<br />

Concentration (MPC)<br />

species (or for use below).<br />

Maximum Permissible MPlair = (7300 m 3 /yr) (MPCair) Same as MPC.<br />

Intake (MPI)<br />

MPIwater = (0.8 m 3 /yr) (MPCwater)<br />

Hazard Measure (HM) HM = Q/MPC Volume <strong>of</strong> air or water to<br />

dilute Q radionuclides to one<br />

MPC. (Winegardner and<br />

Jansen 1974, Smith 1975)<br />

Modified Hazard HM1 = D/D2 Ratio <strong>of</strong> anticipated exposure<br />

Measure (HM1) D = exposure to allowable limit.<br />

(Walsh et al. 1977) D 2 = exposure limit<br />

Modified Hazard HM2 = Q(a/MPIH 0 + b/MPai r ) HM2 = Q(a/MPIH0 + b/MPai r )<br />

Measure (HM2) 2 2<br />

(McGrath 1974)<br />

a,b = fractions <strong>of</strong> Q<br />

released to water<br />

and air<br />

Modified Hazard<br />

Measure (HM3)<br />

(Smith and Kastenberg 1976)<br />

HM3 =<br />

t +<br />

t<br />

d (Q(t')/MPI)dt' Number <strong>of</strong> MPI in the environment<br />

versus time.<br />

Potential Hazard<br />

Measure (PHM)<br />

PHM = P Q 1<br />

P = probability <strong>of</strong><br />

Risk <strong>of</strong> releasing Q versus<br />

t i me<br />

.<br />

(Gera and Jacobs 1972) reaching man<br />

A = decay constant<br />

Hazard Index (HI) HI = -pT Number <strong>of</strong> MPCs per unit<br />

(Claiborne 1975, V = entrained volume volume.<br />

Haug 1977)<br />

Hazards Available HA = log 10 HI + log 1 0 TF HI with pathway transport<br />

Index (HA) TF = transport factors efficiency included.<br />

(Bruns 1976)<br />

1 MPC Vf D<br />

Isolation Time (T) T = - In A L Time which nuclides must be<br />

(voss and Post 1976) groundwateheld to reduce concentration<br />

Vf = groundwater volume to one MPG.<br />

flow rate<br />

D = dilution factor<br />

A = waste leach area<br />

L = leach rate<br />

Relative Toxicity RTI = Q /MP C Index (RTI) Q/MPC<br />

waste<br />

Uore<br />

Ratio <strong>of</strong> HI <strong>of</strong> the waste to HI <strong>of</strong><br />

the uranium ore mined to gener-<br />

(Haug 1977, Hamstra 1975,<br />

Haug 1976, Cohen and<br />

Tonnessen 1977,<br />

Roching 1977)<br />

ate the waste. This has been<br />

generalized to compare with<br />

substances other than uranium.<br />

(a) A compilation from published studies.<br />

(b) As defined by originator.

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