The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

68 HISTORY OF THE POPES.
out the decrees of the Council to the letter, and especially
the duty of residence. Turning to the Cardinals who were
the Protectors of the various countries, the Pope said that they
must seek for nothing for themselves or their relatives, but
must be willing to meet the wishes of the princes in so far as
they did not run counter to the Council and the work of
reform. His own policy would be directed to nothing but
the maintenance of peace among Christian princes, the
extirpation as far as possible of heresy, and the obtaining
of help against the Turks. Pius V. then listened patiently
to the petitions of all the Cardinals, and granted them as far
as possible, though he observed that it was not in keeping
with the dignity of Cardinals that they should approach the
Pope ten at a time ; they should seek an audience singly, and
he would willingly receive them at any hour. The poorer
Cardinals must come to him for help without any hesitation.^
From the first the new Pope gave signal proof of his inde-
pendence in spiritual matters. His former brethren in religion,
who made frequent appearances at the Vatican, were informed
that they must remain in their own convents ; if his Holiness
had need of them, he would send for them.^ Pius V. showed
in like manner that he intended to be free from the influence
of the Theatines and the Jesuits.^ He told the Imperial
ambassador, Arco, that he would gladly give help to Maxi-
milian n. against the Turks, but that the Emperor must spare
him any requests for concessions to the apostates, such as
he had made to Pius IV. The Pope definitely refused the
request of the ambassador that he would confer the red hat
^ With the report in Legaz. di Serristori 420, cf. the * letter
of C. Aldrovandi of January 12, 1566 (State Archives, Bologna),
also *report of Arco of January 12, 1566, and that of G. Cusano of
January 19, 1566 (State Archives, Vienna). Laderchi (1566, n.
the wrong
28), wrongly describes this meeting as a consistorium ;
date given by him (January 11) is taken from the *Diarium of
Firmanus [loc. cit.) p. 39b, Papal Secret Archives).
^ See the two reports of *Arco of January 12, 1566, loc. cit.
^ See in App. n. 3 the *Avviso di Roma of January 12, 1566,
Vatican Library,