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The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

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THE PRINCES AND THE INQUISITION. 329<br />

and <strong>the</strong> Duke had to give way.^ <strong>The</strong> Duke <strong>of</strong> Florence<br />

showed himself most favourable to <strong>the</strong> Roman Inquisition,<br />

but on <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand Alfonso, Duke <strong>of</strong> Ferrara, <strong>the</strong> son <strong>of</strong><br />

that Renee <strong>of</strong> France who had Protestant leanines, behaved<br />

very differently.^ Under <strong>the</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> his wife, Emanuele<br />

Filiberto <strong>of</strong> Savoy had more and more tolerated <strong>the</strong><br />

Protestants^ Again and again Pius V. urged him to take<br />

steps against <strong>the</strong> religious innovators,^ and at last had <strong>the</strong><br />

satisfaction <strong>of</strong> seeing <strong>the</strong> Duke turn dcfmitely against <strong>the</strong>m, so<br />

that about 1570 <strong>the</strong>y were driven out <strong>from</strong> Cuneo and Caraglio,<br />

<strong>the</strong> two principal centres <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir activities, and in this way<br />

<strong>the</strong>ir power was broken.^<br />

^ Letter <strong>from</strong> Rome <strong>of</strong> January 22, 1567, in Bertolotti,<br />

Martiri, 34 seq.<br />

^ " Es grande essecutor de lo que se ordena en la Inquisicion de<br />

Roma " (Zuniga to Philip II., September 17, 1568, Corresp. dipl.,<br />

IT., 460). Cf. Bollett. Senese, XVII., 160, 197. At Siena as<br />

well <strong>the</strong> Florentine government was very vigilant agamst <strong>the</strong><br />

heretics {ibid. 171) ; for <strong>the</strong> trials <strong>of</strong> heretics held <strong>the</strong>re, ihid. 171<br />

and Cantit, III., 449 seqq.; for <strong>the</strong> Sienese heretic Benvoglienti<br />

summoned to Rome on March 10, 1569, Cantlj, 450 and Bollett.<br />

Senese, XVII., 183. In 1569 Pius V. still entertained suspicions<br />

<strong>of</strong> heresy at Siena.<br />

' Alberi, II., 2, 415. Bihl. in Archiv fiir osierr. Geschichte,<br />

cm. (1913), 26.<br />

* Zuniga wrote on April 7, 1568, that in <strong>the</strong> opinion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Duke<br />

<strong>of</strong> Florence a descent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> French heretics upon Italy would not<br />

meet with much opposition in Savoy " o porque no querria<br />

declararse contra Francia porque le governava su muger, la<br />

qual no acogeria de mala gana los hereges." Corresp. dipl., II.,<br />

339- Cf. Albert, II., 4, 189, and Vol. XVI. <strong>of</strong> this work, p. 351.<br />

* Cf. <strong>the</strong> report <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> " abbate di S. Solutore " to <strong>the</strong> Duke,<br />

Rome, December 9, 156O, in Cibrario, Lettere inedite di Santi.<br />

Papi, Principi, Turin, 1861, 394 seq. In Cod. K. 20 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Valli-<br />

cella Library, Rome, <strong>the</strong>re are accounts *" de comprehensione<br />

loh. Honorati Marini haeretici opera Pii V. a duce Sabaudiae<br />

permissa eiusque causa in Taurinensi Inquisitione agitata 1566."<br />

" A. Pascal, Storia della riforma protestante a Cuneo nel sec.<br />

XVI., Pinerolo, 191 3.

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