The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

6 HISTORY OF THE POPES.
1565, Hfgh Mass was celebrated in St. Peter's, and in the
evening the Cardinals assembled in the Pauline Chapel, where
the conclave bull of Pius IV. v/as read, and was sworn to by
those Cardinals who had not been present at the first congre-
gation after the death of the Pope. After this the ambassadors
swore to guard the conclave and to observe the regulations
of the bull, and the same was done by the two governors of the
city, the auditors of the Apostolic Camera, the auditors of the
Rota, the caporioni, and lastty by Count Hannibal von
Hohenems as Captain General of the Church, and by Gabrio
Serbelloni as Captain of the Guard. The Cardinals then went
in procession into conclave, though they afterwards left it
for supper, and came back one by one. About midnight the
conclave was closed and walled up.^
The number of Cardinals was at first forty-eight. ^ Only
and then the first scrutiny. Thus state the introductory remarks
to the list of the scrutinies for Maximilian II. in the State Ar-
chives, Vienna, " Romana," Hofkorrespondenz fasc. 6, 1564-
1567. For the conclave of Pius V, cf. above all, the useful monograph
of HiLLiGER, published in 1891, where, p. 107, n. i, there
is a good review of the sources, which, in our account, have been
added to from a number of unpublished reports, among which
special mention must be made of the *Diarium of Cornelius
Firmanus and the *Report of Francesco Tosabezzo (see App.
nn. I and 2). The account in Conclavi de' Pontefici, which Hilliger
attributes to Cardinal Galli, more probably came from the pen
of a confidential conclavist of that Cardinal. Besides Hilliger
cj. Herre, Papsttum, 103 seqq.
1 *Avviso di Roma of December 20, 1565, Urb. 1040, p. 155
seq., Vatican Library.
* *List in the report of the Cardinals to Maximilian II., State
Archives, Vienna. This list may be checked by the Usts of the
Cardinals present on Dec. 24 and Jan. 7 in Cornelius Firmanus,
Diarium, Arm. XII of the Miscell. 31, p. 25b, 35, Papal Secret
Archives [cf. App. n. i). In the first instance Firmanus gives
51 Cardinals, but the Vatican copy only names 50 ; CastigUone
is missing, whose arrival was announced on the preceding day.
Incorrect lists are given by Ciaconius, III., 992 (Sirleto is left
out !), Petramell\rius, 131. (S. Croce is given as present and
Este as absent) and Alberi, II., 4, 165 seq. (only 51 Cardinals
are given as taking part in the conclave instead of 53).