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The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

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296<br />

HISTORY OF THE POPES.<br />

governor <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> prison could only visit a prisoner if he was<br />

accompanied by somebody else.^<br />

If Pius V. sought to put an end to cunning intrigues against<br />

<strong>the</strong> Inquisition, he also took steps to protect his <strong>of</strong>ficials<br />

<strong>from</strong> violence. Acts <strong>of</strong> hostility and actual violence against<br />

<strong>the</strong> Inquisitors were not unknown in <strong>the</strong> XVIth century.<br />

On August 27th, 156T, Pius IV. complained that, <strong>from</strong> fear<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> heretics, few persons <strong>of</strong>fered <strong>the</strong>ir services as notaries<br />

for <strong>the</strong> tribunal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> faith,- and that at Avignon nobody<br />

dared to take action against <strong>the</strong> heretics <strong>from</strong> fear <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

consequences.^ Pius V. had learned by his own experiences<br />

<strong>of</strong> early days that it needed courage to be an Inquisitor.*<br />

In a constitution <strong>of</strong> April ist, 1569,^ he complains <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> influence<br />

which was daily being gained by wicked men, who<br />

sought in every way to overwhelm <strong>the</strong> Inquisition and to<br />

obstruct <strong>the</strong> labours <strong>of</strong> its <strong>of</strong>ficials ;<br />

<strong>the</strong> very gravest penalties<br />

were accordingly to be inflicted upon anyone who should<br />

kiU, maltreat or intimidate an Inquisitor, or any <strong>of</strong> his as-<br />

sessors and assistants, as well as those who should attack,<br />

set fire to, or rob <strong>the</strong> churches, houses, or property <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Inquisition and its <strong>of</strong>ficials, or burn, steal or disturb <strong>the</strong> docu-<br />

^ Decrees <strong>of</strong> June 7th, 1567, July 13 and October 26, 1569, in<br />

Pastor, loc. cit. 29, 31.<br />

^ Bull. Rom., VII., 138.<br />

^ Ibid. T46.<br />

* Catena, 7 seq., 10. For ano<strong>the</strong>r case <strong>of</strong> violence, against<br />

Santori at Naples, see <strong>the</strong> latter's Autobiograna, XII., 335, 337<br />

and supra p. 166. cf. FuMi, L'Inquisizione, 204.<br />

^ Bull. Rom., VII., 744 seqq. Cf. <strong>the</strong> *Avviso di Roma <strong>of</strong> May 7,<br />

1569 (Urb. 1041, p. 68b, Vatican Library) and <strong>the</strong> *report <strong>of</strong> Arco<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> same date, State Archives, Vienna. For <strong>the</strong> probable<br />

occasion <strong>of</strong> this constitution (a decree for <strong>the</strong> Orisons, which, on<br />

account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> arrest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> heretic Cellaria, had set a reward on<br />

<strong>the</strong> head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Inquisitor, Pietro Angelo Casanova) cf. Laderchi,<br />

1569, n. 57. <strong>The</strong> proposed publication <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bull at Naples<br />

proved to be unnecessary ; ibid. n. 76. Ano<strong>the</strong>r *bull <strong>of</strong> 1569<br />

contra molestantes ministros S*'® Inquisitionis," in Arm. 8,<br />

caps. 4, n. I, Papal Secret Archives.

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