The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

PIUS V. AND THE JEWS. 337
paid to their request to be allowed to wear a red distinctive
mark instead of the yellow one which had been ordered for
the Jews.i A little later on the Pope forbade them to take
part in the market hitherto held on Wednesdaj's—that day
having been chosen for their sake—and transferred it to the
Saturday.
By April igth, 1566, all the prescriptions of Paul IV. 's
bull concerning the Jews had been renewed, and extended to
the whole Church, while Pius IV. 's mitigation of it had been
expressly revoked.^ Since the Jews evaded the prohibition
of possessing landed property by means of fictitious sales, a
new ordinance was issued according to which all such property
which had not been actually handed over within a fixed time
reverted to the house of catechumens and the Monte di Pieta."*
On the strength of certain briefs of Paul III. and Pius IV.,
however, an exception was made in the case of the Jews of
Ancona.^
It was not to be expected of the Jews of the Middle Ages
or of the modern era that was just beginning that they should
grow up side by side with a Christian nation, or look upon a
Christian land as their home. Staff in hand, they constantly
wandered from one Christian country to another, and were
1 *Avviso di Roma of April 13, 1566, Urb. 1040, p. 210, Vatican
Library. Laderchi, 1566, n. 112. Even in this respect Pius IV.
had been more lenient with them (Lanciani in Arch. d. Soc. Rom.,
XVII. [1894], 229 seqq.).
^ *Cusano, May 11, 1566, State Archives, Vienna.
^ Bull. Rom., VII., 439. The *brief of May 17, 1566, with which
it was s nt to Cardinal Borromeo, says that the bull had become
necessary because of the intolerable freedom allowed to the Jews.
Borromeo must publish it, and as at that time the Christians at
Milan were oppressed by the usury of the Jews, let him enact that
no other interest is to be demanded but such as is customary in the
Papal States, and never compound interest. Brevia, Arm. 44,
t. 12, n. 79, Papal Secret Archives.
*Motuproprio of January 19, 1567, Bull. Rom., VII., 514.
'"
Brief of April 5, 1567, Bull. Rom., VII., 32 (in the bull of
Gregory XIII. of February 23, 1573).
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