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Figure 3.18. Heat Index (HI) Chart
Source: National Weather Service (NWS)
Note: Exposure to direct sun can increase Heat Index values by as much as 15°F. The shaded zone above 105°F corresponds to
a HI that may cause increasingly severe heat disorders with continued exposure and/or physical activity.
The National Weather Service has a system in place to initiate alert procedures (advisories or
warnings) when the Heat Index is expected to have a significant impact on public safety. The
expected severity of the heat determines whether advisories or warnings are issued. A common
guideline for issuing excessive heat alerts is when the maximum daytime Heat Index is
expected to equal or exceed 105 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and the night time minimum Heat
Index is 80°F or above for two or more consecutive days.
Warm summer days also encourages the growth of blue-green algae blooms in Kansas
ecosystems. Blue-green algae are a normal part of the environmental when they are present in
low numbers. But in the summer heat, these blooms grow very quickly to extreme numbers and
produce chemical compounds which are toxic to warm-blooded creatures (people, pets and
livestock),and some are toxic to other organisms like fish. The biggest risk to health comes from
coming into contact with or ingesting the toxins produced by the algae while engaging in what is
called “full body contact” (during swimming, skiing or jet skiing, for example), or from inhaling
spray cast up from the water’s surface by recreational activities or by the wind. Blue-green algae
can also cause dermatological symptoms with prolonged skin contact with water or wet clothes.
Children and pets are most at risk while engaging in recreation in the water because they are
more likely to accidently or intentionally swallow lake water. Pets can become ill after being
exposed to spray, or even from eating dried algae along the shore or after licking algae from
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