26 Special Topic: Assessment in <strong>University</strong> General Education ProgramCapstone projects represent an especially good opportunity to assessstudent performance in a GEP. If an in-class presentation is required, there ispotential to incorporate scores on the performance as well. Alverno College 21is a recognized leader in assessment in the United States. <strong>The</strong>re, panels <strong>of</strong>judges from outside the college are recruited to evaluate the students’ finalpresentations. <strong>The</strong> results are compared to a presentation done at the beginning<strong>of</strong> the student’s career, thereby providing a powerful assessment <strong>of</strong> what thestudents have gained over the course <strong>of</strong> their collegiate experience. This isalso a point where students, having completed the GEP, might be tapped fortheir perceptions, perhaps utilizing focus groups, although such data hardlymatch what can be learned when actual performance is assessed.Pre-/post-test assessments are other options; however, when comparingdistributions <strong>of</strong> such scores, it is important to remember that pre-/post- scoreshave notoriously low reliability coefficients. This is largely because much <strong>of</strong>the variation exposed by the pre-test is duplicated in the post-test scores. Also,the timeframe separating the two is important: the shorter the time betweenadministrations, the more prone the scores are to memory effects and so forth.That said, assessment data need not be held to the same high standards as datagathered in other research settings. For example, if data are being used toselect candidates for special training (and some are rejected), then the scoresmust be highly valid and reliable. However, no such monumental decisionis being made when assessing outcomes; rather, data are being used to casta spotlight on areas <strong>of</strong> programmatic weakness. New data will functionsimilarly as the cycle <strong>of</strong> improvement is repeated.21 Go to alverno.edu on the Internet for more information about their approach to assessmentand publications.
Stephen J. Friedman, Outcomes, Learning, and Assessment in General Education 27Once assessment information is gathered, it must become feedback andreach all interested constituencies: faculty, students, and all stakeholders. Ifstudents know that information is being used to actually improve programs,they are more likely to participate in the process. Faculty members will <strong>of</strong>tenengage with colleagues in discussing results when <strong>of</strong>fered the opportunity.In mounting an assessment effort, it is important to reiterate that it isunreasonable to expect that assessment data will reach the standards in placefor, say, a medical research study, where the quality <strong>of</strong> the data might trulybe a matter <strong>of</strong> life or death for patients treated based on the results <strong>of</strong> thestudy. <strong>The</strong> stakes in program assessment settings are really quite low bycomparison; the data are used to improve the program only. Besides, goodprogram assessment schemes are ongoing so that the process <strong>of</strong> continuousimprovement is uninterrupted. If particularly skewed or biased data happento be gathered in a given year, subsequent data gathering efforts will likelybe less so. Again, the stakes are relatively low, and it is far more damaging tothe program to be paralyzed by the attempt to gather impeccable data than toproceed with a reasonable plan. As trends emerge over the course <strong>of</strong> severalyears, suspect data will be fairly obvious.<strong>The</strong> assessment <strong>of</strong> the GEP at CUHK is in its early stages. At thispoint, students’ perceptions about the extent to which GE outcomes havebeen achieved have been gathered in some courses. Two sections <strong>of</strong> the newFoundation Course are being piloted in the current semester, and informationwill be collected that will make it possible to contrast student performance atthe beginning <strong>of</strong> the course with that at the end and potentially with that in theSenior Seminar as students complete the GEP. Assessing actual learning is <strong>of</strong>the greatest value when trying to improve a GEP, and the OUGE has ambitious
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