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Tahafut_al-Tahafut-transl-Engl-van-den-Bergh

a book on philosophy

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And if they reverse this against us with respect to God’s

knowledge, God’s knowledge is not attached to its object in

its correspondence with the things known, in the way this

attachment exists in the case of things known by created

beings, but as soon as the soul of the sphere moves round

like the soul of man, ‘ it belongs to the same kind as the soul

of man, and also it participates with the soul of man in the

perception of individuals through an intermediary. , And

although no absolute knowledge can be had about this, it is

most probable that the soul of the sphere is of the same kind

as the human soul; and if this is not most probable, it is

possible, and the possibility destroys the claim to absolute

knowledge they put forward.

And if it is said, ‘It is also proper to the human soul in its

essence to perceive all things, but its preoccupation with the

consequences of passion, anger, greed, resentment, envy,

hunger, pain, and in short the accidents of the body and

what the sensations convey to the body, is so great that,

when the human soul is occupied with one of these things, it

neglects everything else; but the souls of the spheres are

free from these attributes, and nothing occupies them, and

neither care nor pain nor perception overwhelms them, and

therefore they know everything’-we answer: ‘How do you

know that nothing occupies them? Does not their service of

the First and their longing for Him submerge them and keep

them from the representation of particular things? And what

makes it impossible to suppose other impediments than

anger and passion? For these are sensual hindrances, and

how do you know that these hindrances are limited in the

way we experience them? For there are occupations for the

learned through the excellence of their interests and the

desire for leadership which children are unable to imagine,

and which they cannot believe to be occupations and

hindrances. ‘ And how do you know that analogous things

are impossible for the souls of the spheres? ‘

403

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