PhylogÃ©nie Et Evolution Du Comportement Social Chez Les Blattes ...

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Ev o l u t i o n d u c o m p o r t e m e n t s o c i a lThe phylogeny of termites (Dictyoptera: Isoptera) based on mitochondrial and nuclearmarkers: implications for the evolution of the worker and pseudergate castes, andforaging behaviorsFrédéric Legendre 1* , Michael F. Whiting 2 , Christian Bordereau 3 , Eliana M. Cancello 4 ,Theodore A. Evans 5 and Philippe Grandcolas 11Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 5202CNRS, CP 50 (Entomologie), 45 rue Buffon 75005 Paris, France2Department of Integrative Biology, 693 Widtsoe Building, Brigham Young University, Provo,Utah 84602, USA3UMR 5548, Développement - Communication chimique, Université de Bourgogne, 6, BdGabriel 21000 Dijon, France4Muzeu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Nazaré 481, 04263-000 SãoPaulo, SP, Brazil5CSIRO Entomology, Ecosystem Management: functional biodiversity, Canberra, Australia* Corresponding author.E-mail address: legendre@mnhn.frTel: (33) 1.40.79.38.48Fax: (33) 1.40.79.56.79340
An n e x e sAbstractA phylogenetic hypothesis of termite relationships was inferred from DNA sequencedata. Seven gene fragments (12SrDNA, 16SrDNA, 18SrDNA, 28SrDNA, cytochromeoxidase I, cytochrome oxidase II and cytochrome b) were sequenced for 40 termite exemplars,representing all termite families and 14 outgroups. Termites were found to be monophyleticwith Mastotermes darwiniensis (Mastotermitidae) as sister-group to the remainder of thetermites. In this remainder, the family Kalotermitidae was sister-group to other families. Thefamilies Kalotermitidae, Hodotermitidae and Termitidae were retrieved as monophyleticwhereas the Termopsidae and Rhinotermitidae appeared paraphyletic. All of these results werevery stable and supported with high Bootstrap and Bremer values. The evolution of workercaste and foraging behavior were discussed according to the phylogenetic hypothesis. Ouranalyses suggested that both true workers and pseudergates (“false workers”) had at least twodifferent origins. As for the foraging behavior, the classical transition from one-piece life typeto separate life type through intermediate life type was acknowledged.Keywords: termites; phylogeny; worker caste; foraging behavior341
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UFR des Sciences de la VieEcole Doc
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Ta b l e d e s Mat i è r e sRe m e
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Données moléculaires sans les sé
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Ch a p i t r e V : Di s c u s s i o
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Figure 3.10 : Analyse cladistique d
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Li s t e d e s Ta b l e au xTableau
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In t r o d u c t i o nNothing in bi
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Ev o l u t i o n d u c o m p o r t
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I. An a ly s e d u c o n t e x t e
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II. Mat é r i e l s e t m é t h o
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ABCDEGHFJIK
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III. Réversibilité, c o n t r a i
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CHAPITRE IVEv o l u t i o n d e s c
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V. Dis c u s s ion g é n é r a l
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Ré f é r e n c e s b i b l i o g
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ANNEXE IDéf i n i t i o n s deq u
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ANNEXE IIPr o t o c o l e d’ex t
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ANNEXE IIILeg e n d r e et al . (Bi
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An n e x e sAbstractA new method is
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An n e x e sexpressed in such non-s
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An n e x e sanother species would a
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An n e x e sMolecular data for all
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An n e x e sevolutionary ecological
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Page 317 and 318: An n e x e sWenzel JW. 1993. Applic
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ANNEXE XIICur r i c u l u m Vi t a
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An n e x e s
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An n e x e s
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Ré s u m éPh y l o g é n i e e t
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PhylogÃ©nie Et Evolution Du Comportement Social Chez Les Blattes ...

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