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X - 2 LERAT ET AL.: VALUE OF UPSTREAM FLOW MEASUREMENTSAbstract.5This paper deals with the introduction of streamflows measuredon an upstream interior point as an additional input in a semidistributedhydrological model. Most studies in the literature indicate that this procedurecan improve the simulations of streamflow at the catchment outlet. Thispaper aims at quantifying this potential performance gain in three situations.First, upstream flow measurements are introduced as a straightforward model10input in paralell with rainfall and potential evapotranspiration during thetel-00392240, version 1 - 5 Jun 2009152025calibration and validation phase. Results are analyzed to identify the conditionsfor these data to influence downstream simulations significantly. Second,upstream flow measurements are corrupted to assess the sensitivity ofthe procedure to upstream biaises. Last, our semidistributed model is calibratedwith upstream flow measurements but run in validation mode withflows calculated from an upstream sub-model to check if the performance gainmentioned previously still holds in these degraded conditions.The results of the different experiments show that (i) the ratio betweenthe high-flow magnitude on the upstream and downstream stations constitutesthe key driver to explain the impact of upstream flows on downstreamsimulations, (ii) substential corruption of upstream data does not destabilizethe semidistributed model, but rather can even be beneficial when thiscorruption induces an overestimation of upstream flow measurements. Thisunexpected result can be explained by the increased weight taken by theseoverestimated flow values in the modeling scheme, which artificially reducesthe need for rainfall-runoff modeling on the remaining part of the catchment.D R A F T July 24, 2008, 3:43pm D R A F T
LERAT ET AL.: VALUE OF UPSTREAM FLOW MEASUREMENTS X - 3(iii) Finally, a replacement of upstream measurements by calculated valuesfrom an upstream rainfall-runoff model proved unsuccesful. The knowledgeon upstream flows gained during the calibration process appeared insufficient30to simulate downstream flows in validation mode.tel-00392240, version 1 - 5 Jun 2009D R A F T July 24, 2008, 3:43pm D R A F T
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Université Pierre et Marie CurieEc
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3Remerciementstel-00392240, version
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Table des matièresIntroduction gé
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TABLE DES MATIÈRES 7tel-00392240,
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TABLE DES MATIÈRES 9FGParamètres
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tel-00392240, version 1 - 5 Jun 200
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Introduction générale 13Contextet
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Introduction générale 15Probléma
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Introduction générale 17Crue de d
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Première partietel-00392240, versi
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Chapitre 1Apports latéraux dans le
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Chapitre 1. Apports latéraux dans
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Chapitre 2Présentation de l’éch
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Chapitre 2. Présentation de l’é
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Chapitre 3Choix des modèles hydrol
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Chapitre 3. Choix des modèles hydr
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Chapitre 4Stratégie de calage et d
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Chapitre 4. Stratégie de calage et
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Chapitre 5Jusqu’où est-il néces
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Chapitre 5. Jusqu’où est-il néc
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Chapitre 6Sensibilité d’un modè
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Chapitre 6. Sensibilité d’un mod
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Chapitre 7Simplifications de la str
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Chapitre 7. Simplifications de la s
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Conclusion générale 177Dans le ca
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Conclusion générale 179Quel est l
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BibliographieAbbott, M. et Refsgaar
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE 183Brutsaert, W. (200
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE 185Jakeman, A. et Hor
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE 187MEEDDAT (2008). Ba
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE 189Oudin, L., Andréa
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BIBLIOGRAPHIE 191Shamseldin, A., O
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tel-00392240, version 1 - 5 Jun 200
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Annexe ATable de correspondance ent
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Annexe A. Table de correspondance e
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Annexe BCaractéristiques et cartes
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Annexe B. Caractéristiques et cart
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Légende des cartes8 kmMaillage SAF
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Annexe CLes débits négatifs dans
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Annexe C. Les débits négatifs dan
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Annexe DApproximation de la courbe
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Annexe D. Approximation de la courb
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Annexe EAlgorithmique et codes C de
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Annexe E. Algorithmique et codes C
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Annexe Ftel-00392240, version 1 - 5
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Annexe F. Paramètres et critères
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Annexe F. Paramètres et critères
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Annexe GParamètres et critères de
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Annexe G. Paramètres et critères
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Page 313 and 314: 150nel (see Figure 1.d).All the dat
Page 315 and 316: tributed. Accordingly, the differen
Page 317 and 318: 4.2 Lumped Rainfall-Runoff Model245
Page 319 and 320: ∫ tO(t) = Ψ(t)+0with: Ψ(t) = L[
Page 321 and 322: model. The main advantage of this p
Page 323 and 324: that the robustness of the method c
Page 325 and 326: 425no. 2, 7 and 11, see Table 1). O
Page 327 and 328: performance between low (one tribut
Page 329 and 330: 520circles and squares indicate the
Page 331 and 332: combination of uniformly distribute
Page 333 and 334: 620Das, T., Bárdossy, A., Zehe, E.
Page 335 and 336: model for streamflow simulation. J.
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Page 345 and 346: (a) Option 1 (Point+Unif. Distr. In
Page 347 and 348: Peak flowPeak flowEvent Nb. Start E
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Page 351: WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. ???,
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