ModelSim SE User's Manual - Electrical and Computer Engineering

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UM-34 1 - Introduction What is an "object" Text conventions ModelSim SE User’s Manual Because ModelSim works with VHDL, Verilog, and System C, an “object” refers to any valid design element in those languages. The word "object" is used whenever a specific language reference is not needed. Depending on the context, “object” can refer to any of the following: VHDL block statement, component instantiation, constant, generate statement, generic, package, signal, alias, or variable Verilog function, module instantiation, named fork, named begin, net, task, register, or variable SystemC module, channel, port, variable, or aggregate Text conventions used in this manual include: italic text provides emphasis and sets off filenames, pathnames, and design unit names bold text indicates commands, command options, menu choices, package and library logical names, as well as variables, dialog box selections, and language keywords monospace type monospace type is used for program and command examples The right angle (>) is used to connect menu choices when traversing menus as in: File > Quit path separators examples will show either UNIX or Windows path separators - use separators appropriate for your operating system when trying the examples UPPER CASE denotes file types used by ModelSim (e.g., DO, WLF, INI, MPF, PDF, etc.)
Where to find our documentation Where to find our documentation UM-35 ModelSim documentation is available from our website at www.model.com/support or in the following formats and locations: Document Format How to get it ModelSim Installation & Licensing Guide ModelSim Quick Guide (command and feature quick-reference) paper shipped with ModelSim Download a free PDF reader with Search PDF select Help > Documentation; also available from the Support page of our web site: www.model.com paper shipped with ModelSim PDF select Help > Documentation, also available from the Support page of our web site: www.model.com ModelSim Tutorial PDF, HTML select Help > Documentation; also available from the Support page of our web site: www.model.com ModelSim User’s Manual PDF, HTML select Help > Documentation ModelSim Command Reference PDF, HTML select Help > Documentation ModelSim GUI Reference PDF, HTML select Help > Documentation Foreign Language Interface Reference Std_DevelopersKit User’s Manual PDF, HTML select Help > Documentation PDF www.model.com/support/documentation/BOOK/sdk_um.pdf The Standard Developer’s Kit is for use with Mentor Graphics QuickHDL. Command Help ASCII type help [command name] at the prompt in the Transcript pane Error message help ASCII type verror at the Transcript or shell prompt Tcl Man Pages (Tcl manual) HTML select Help > Tcl Man Pages, or find contents.htm in \modeltech\docs\tcl_help_html Technotes HTML select Technotes dropdown on www.model.com/support Model Technology’s PDF documentation requires an Adobe Acrobat Reader for viewing. The Reader may be installed from the ModelSim CD. It is also available without cost from Adobe at www.adobe.com. Be sure to download the Acrobat Reader with Search to take advantage of the index file supplied with our documentation; the index makes searching for keywords much faster. ModelSim SE User’s Manual
Page 1 and 2: ModelSim® Advanced Verification an
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents 1 - Introduction
Page 5 and 6: Delta delays . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 7 and 8: ModelSim Verilog system tasks and f
Page 9 and 10: VHDL: instantiating SystemC . . . .
Page 11 and 12: Creating waveforms from patterns .
Page 13 and 14: 14 - PSL Assertions (UM-359) What a
Page 15 and 16: 17 - Signal Spy (UM-417) Introducti
Page 17 and 18: Starting the debugger . . . . . . .
Page 19 and 20: Steps in flow . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 21 and 22: 1 - Introduction Chapter contents M
Page 23 and 24: ModelSim simulation task overview M
Page 25 and 26: Basic steps for simulation UM-25 Li
Page 27 and 28: ModelSim modes of operation ModelSi
Page 29 and 30: ModelSim graphic interface overview
Page 31 and 32: Sections in this document Sections
Page 33: Sections in this document UM-33 H -
Page 37 and 38: 2 - Projects Chapter contents Intro
Page 39 and 40: Project conversion between versions
Page 41 and 42: workspace Getting started with proj
Page 43 and 44: Step 3 — Compiling the files Gett
Page 45 and 46: The Project tab Sorting the list Th
Page 47 and 48: Grouping files Changing compile ord
Page 49 and 50: Optimization Configurations Creatin
Page 51 and 52: Organizing projects with folders UM
Page 53 and 54: Specifying file properties and proj
Page 55 and 56: Accessing projects from the command
Page 57 and 58: 3 - Design libraries Chapter conten
Page 59 and 60: Archives Design library overview UM
Page 61 and 62: Managing library contents Working w
Page 63 and 64: Moving a library Working with desig
Page 65 and 66: Alternate IEEE libraries supplied R
Page 67 and 68: Referencing source files with locat
Page 69 and 70: Importing FPGA libraries Importing
Page 71 and 72: 4 - VHDL simulation Chapter content
Page 73 and 74: Compiling VHDL files Creating a des
Page 75 and 76: Differences between language versio
Page 77 and 78: Compiling VHDL files UM-77 bit stri
Page 79 and 80: Default binding Simulating VHDL des
Page 81 and 82: Simulating VHDL designs UM-81 In th
Page 83 and 84: Creating an elaboration file Loadin
Page 85 and 86:
Example Simulating with an elaborat
Page 87 and 88:
Controlling checkpoint file compres
Page 89 and 90:
Using STD_INPUT and STD_OUTPUT with
Page 91 and 92:
Reading and writing hexadecimal num
Page 93 and 94:
VITAL specification and source code
Page 95 and 96:
Compiling and simulating with accel
Page 97 and 98:
init_signal_driver() init_signal_sp
Page 99 and 100:
to_time() Util package UM-99 to_tim
Page 101 and 102:
Modeling memory ’87 and ’93 exa
Page 103 and 104:
if (mwrite = '1') then ram(address)
Page 105 and 106:
BEGIN return mem(to_integer(addr));
Page 107 and 108:
BEGIN FOR i IN 0 TO 1023 LOOP we
Page 109 and 110:
Converting an integer into a bit_ve
Page 111 and 112:
5 - Verilog simulation Chapter cont
Page 113 and 114:
Introduction ModelSim Verilog basic
Page 115 and 116:
Incremental compilation Compiling V
Page 117 and 118:
Library usage Compiling Verilog fil
Page 119 and 120:
Verilog-XL compatible compiler argu
Page 121 and 122:
Compiling Verilog files UM-121 The
Page 123 and 124:
Verilog generate statements Compili
Page 125 and 126:
Naming the optimized design Optimiz
Page 127 and 128:
Optimizing Verilog designs UM-127 I
Page 129 and 130:
Simulating Verilog designs Simulato
Page 131 and 132:
`timescale, -t, and rounding Simula
Page 133 and 134:
Simulating Verilog designs UM-133 T
Page 135 and 136:
Simulating Verilog designs UM-135 M
Page 137 and 138:
+pulse_e_style_onevent +pulse_int_e
Page 139 and 140:
Creating an elaboration file Loadin
Page 141 and 142:
Example Simulating with an elaborat
Page 143 and 144:
Controlling checkpoint file compres
Page 145 and 146:
Distributed delay mode In distribut
Page 147 and 148:
System tasks and functions UM-147 a
Page 149 and 150:
File I/O tasks $fclose $fopen $fwri
Page 151 and 152:
System tasks and functions UM-151 T
Page 153 and 154:
Compiler directives Compiler direct
Page 155 and 156:
ModelSim compiler directives The fo
Page 157 and 158:
Determining which memories were imp
Page 159 and 160:
6 - SystemC simulation Chapter cont
Page 161 and 162:
Supported platforms and compiler ve
Page 163 and 164:
Usage flow for SystemC-only designs
Page 165 and 166:
Code modification examples Compilin
Page 167 and 168:
Example 3 Compiling SystemC files U
Page 169 and 170:
Restrictions on compiling with HP a
Page 171 and 172:
Issues with C++ templates Templatiz
Page 173 and 174:
Simulating SystemC designs Loading
Page 175 and 176:
Initialization and cleanup of Syste
Page 177 and 178:
Waveform compare Debugging the desi
Page 179 and 180:
Debugging the design UM-179 The gdb
Page 181 and 182:
Viewing FIFOs SystemC object and ty
Page 183 and 184:
OSCI 2.1 features supported Differe
Page 185 and 186:
Troubleshooting SystemC errors UM-1
Page 187 and 188:
7 - Mixed-language simulation Chapt
Page 189 and 190:
Usage flow for mixed-language simul
Page 191 and 192:
Simulator resolution limit Runtime
Page 193 and 194:
Mapping data types Verilog to VHDL
Page 195 and 196:
VHDL to Verilog mappings Mapping da
Page 197 and 198:
Channels Ports Verilog mapping sc_b
Page 199 and 200:
Verilog sc_logic sc_bit bool SuX 'X
Page 201 and 202:
SystemC VHDL sc_int, sc_uint bit_ve
Page 203 and 204:
VHDL: instantiating Verilog Verilog
Page 205 and 206:
The generic type is determined by t
Page 207 and 208:
Verilog: instantiating VHDL VHDL in
Page 209 and 210:
SystemC: instantiating Verilog Veri
Page 211 and 212:
Example #2 SystemC: instantiating V
Page 213 and 214:
}; } #endif // Connect ports chip->
Page 215 and 216:
Example of parameter use format_cha
Page 217 and 218:
SystemC: instantiating VHDL VHDL in
Page 219 and 220:
Example SystemC: instantiating VHDL
Page 221 and 222:
); END ringbuf; ARCHITECTURE RTL OF
Page 223 and 224:
vgencomp component declaration vgen
Page 225 and 226:
8 - WLF files (datasets) and virtua
Page 227 and 228:
Saving a simulation to a WLF file O
Page 229 and 230:
Managing multiple datasets WLF file
Page 231 and 232:
Saving at intervals with Dataset Sn
Page 233 and 234:
Virtual Objects (User-defined buses
Page 235 and 236:
Virtual regions Virtual types Virtu
Page 237 and 238:
9 - Waveform analysis Chapter conte
Page 239 and 240:
Introduction Objects you can view W
Page 241 and 242:
Wave window overview UM-241 Here is
Page 243 and 244:
List window overview List window ov
Page 245 and 246:
Measuring time with cursors in the
Page 247 and 248:
Jumping to a signal transition Meas
Page 249 and 250:
Zooming the Wave window display Zoo
Page 251 and 252:
Searching in the Wave and List wind
Page 253 and 254:
Using the Expression Builder for ex
Page 255 and 256:
Formatting the Wave window Setting
Page 257 and 258:
Formatting the Wave window UM-257 3
Page 259 and 260:
Formatting the List window Setting
Page 261 and 262:
Saving the window format Saving the
Page 263 and 264:
Saving List window data to a file S
Page 265 and 266:
Configuring new line triggering in
Page 267 and 268:
Configuring new line triggering in
Page 269 and 270:
Miscellaneous tasks Examining wavef
Page 271 and 272:
Comparison Wizard Waveform Compare
Page 273 and 274:
Test Dataset Waveform Compare UM-27
Page 275 and 276:
Adding regions Waveform Compare UM-
Page 277 and 278:
Clocked comparison Waveform Compare
Page 279 and 280:
Viewing differences in the Wave win
Page 281 and 282:
Compare icons Waveform Compare UM-2
Page 283 and 284:
Comparing hierarchical and flattene
Page 285 and 286:
10 - Generating stimulus with Wavef
Page 287 and 288:
Getting started You can use Wavefor
Page 289 and 290:
Creating waveforms from patterns Cr
Page 291 and 292:
Editing waveforms GR-291 These comm
Page 293 and 294:
Simulating directly from waveform e
Page 295 and 296:
Driving simulation with the saved s
Page 297 and 298:
Saving the waveform editor commands
Page 299 and 300:
11 - Tracing signals with the Dataf
Page 301 and 302:
Adding objects to the window Adding
Page 303 and 304:
Exploring the connectivity of your
Page 305 and 306:
Zooming and panning Zooming with to
Page 307 and 308:
Tracing the source of an unknown (X
Page 309 and 310:
Finding objects by name in the Data
Page 311 and 312:
Printing on Windows platforms Selec
Page 313 and 314:
Symbol mapping Symbol mapping UM-31
Page 315 and 316:
Configuring window options Configur
Page 317 and 318:
12 - Profiling performance and memo
Page 319 and 320:
Getting started Memory allocation p
Page 321 and 322:
Enabling the statistical sampling p
Page 323 and 324:
Interpreting profiler data Interpre
Page 325 and 326:
The Call Tree view Viewing profiler
Page 327 and 328:
Viewing profile details Viewing pro
Page 329 and 330:
Integration with Source windows Int
Page 331 and 332:
Reporting profiler results Reportin
Page 333 and 334:
13 - Measuring code coverage Chapte
Page 335 and 336:
Supported types ModelSim code cover
Page 337 and 338:
Enabling code coverage Enabling cod
Page 339 and 340:
Enabling code coverage UM-339 Next,
Page 341 and 342:
Viewing coverage data in the Source
Page 343 and 344:
Toggle coverage Enabling Toggle cov
Page 345 and 346:
3 Produce the report with the toggl
Page 347 and 348:
Excluding objects from coverage Exc
Page 349 and 350:
end instance Default filter file Ex
Page 351 and 352:
XML output Reporting coverage data
Page 353 and 354:
Instance report with line details R
Page 355 and 356:
Coverage statistics details Conditi
Page 357 and 358:
Coverage statistics details UM-357
Page 359 and 360:
14 - PSL Assertions Chapter content
Page 361 and 362:
PSL assertion language What are ass
Page 363 and 364:
Using cover directives Using assert
Page 365 and 366:
REF2); signal mem_state : memory_st
Page 367 and 368:
} // Check the write cycle property
Page 369 and 370:
Multi-clocked properties and defaul
Page 371 and 372:
Using endpoints in HDL code Example
Page 373 and 374:
Restrictions Clocking endpoints Usi
Page 375 and 376:
Compiling and simulating assertions
Page 377 and 378:
Enabling/disabling failure and pass
Page 379 and 380:
Setting failure and pass limits Man
Page 381 and 382:
Reporting on assertions Reporting o
Page 383 and 384:
15 - Functional coverage with PSL a
Page 385 and 386:
Compiling and simulating functional
Page 387 and 388:
Weighting coverage directives Confi
Page 389 and 390:
Viewing coverage directives in the
Page 391 and 392:
Reporting functional coverage stati
Page 393 and 394:
Tag Meaning Understanding aggregate
Page 395 and 396:
Saving functional coverage data Sav
Page 397 and 398:
Clearing functional coverage data C
Page 399 and 400:
16 - C Debug Chapter contents Intro
Page 401 and 402:
Supported platforms and gdb version
Page 403 and 404:
Setting breakpoints Setting breakpo
Page 405 and 406:
Stepping in C Debug Stepping in C D
Page 407 and 408:
Identifying all registered function
Page 409 and 410:
Auto find bp versus Auto step mode
Page 411 and 412:
Debugging functions during elaborat
Page 413 and 414:
VPI functions in initialization mod
Page 415 and 416:
C Debug command reference C Debug c
Page 417 and 418:
17 - Signal Spy Chapter contents In
Page 419 and 420:
init_signal_driver Call only once S
Page 421 and 422:
Example library IEEE, modelsim_lib;
Page 423 and 424:
Arguments Related procedures Limita
Page 425 and 426:
signal_force Syntax Returns Argumen
Page 427 and 428:
signal_release Syntax Returns Argum
Page 429 and 430:
$init_signal_driver Call only once
Page 431 and 432:
Example `timescale 1 ps / 1 ps modu
Page 433 and 434:
Related tasks Limitations Example N
Page 435 and 436:
Related tasks Limitations Example N
Page 437 and 438:
Example module testbench; reg relea
Page 439 and 440:
18 - Standard Delay Format (SDF) Ti
Page 441 and 442:
SDF specification with the GUI Erro
Page 443 and 444:
Resolving errors VHDL VITAL SDF UM-
Page 445 and 446:
Examples Optional arguments can be
Page 447 and 448:
REMOVAL is matched to $removal: SDF
Page 449 and 450:
Optional conditions Timing check po
Page 451 and 452:
Interconnect delays Interconnect de
Page 453 and 454:
Mistaking a component or module nam
Page 455 and 456:
19 - Value Change Dump (VCD) Files
Page 457 and 458:
Checkpoint/restore and writing VCD
Page 459 and 460:
Example 3 — Mixed-HDL design Firs
Page 461 and 462:
ModelSim VCD commands and VCD tasks
Page 463 and 464:
A VCD file from source to output VH
Page 465 and 466:
x) x* x+ x, $end #300 $dumpon 1! 0"
Page 467 and 468:
Capturing port driver data Supporte
Page 469 and 470:
Example VCD output from vcd dumppor
Page 471 and 472:
20 - Tcl and macros (DO files) Chap
Page 473 and 474:
Tcl commands Tcl commands UM-473 Fo
Page 475 and 476:
Tcl command syntax UM-475 7 If a wo
Page 477 and 478:
set command syntax Tcl command synt
Page 479 and 480:
Variable substitution System comman
Page 481 and 482:
ModelSim Tcl time commands Conversi
Page 483 and 484:
Tcl examples This is an example of
Page 485 and 486:
} if {$windowName == ""} { # Dialog
Page 487 and 488:
Macros (DO files) Creating DO files
Page 489 and 490:
set vFilesExist 1 } shift } if {$vh
Page 491 and 492:
Using the Tcl source command with D
Page 493 and 494:
The Tcl Debugger Starting the debug
Page 495 and 496:
Breakpoints The Tcl Debugger UM-495
Page 497 and 498:
TclPro Debugger TclPro Debugger UM-
Page 499 and 500:
A - ModelSim GUI changes Appendix c
Page 501 and 502:
Main window changes UM-501 See "Cus
Page 503 and 504:
Main window changes UM-503 File > O
Page 505 and 506:
View menu The View menu has been re
Page 507 and 508:
Tools menu The 6.0 Main window Tool
Page 509 and 510:
List window changes File menu The L
Page 511 and 512:
File menu See "Memory windows" (GR-
Page 513 and 514:
View menu The Memory window > View
Page 515 and 516:
Edit menu The Signals window > Edit
Page 517 and 518:
View menu The Source window > File
Page 519 and 520:
B - ModelSim variables Appendix con
Page 521 and 522:
Environment variables Environment v
Page 523 and 524:
Library mapping with environment va
Page 525 and 526:
[Library] library path variables Va
Page 527 and 528:
[vcom] VHDL compiler control variab
Page 529 and 530:
[vsim] simulator control variables
Page 531 and 532:
Preference variables located in INI
Page 533 and 534:
Page 535 and 536:
Page 537 and 538:
Commonly used INI variables Prefere
Page 539 and 540:
Force command defaults Preference v
Page 541 and 542:
Variable precedence Variable preced
Page 543 and 544:
Special considerations for the now
Page 545 and 546:
C - Error and warning messages Appe
Page 547 and 548:
ModelSim message system UM-547 Ther
Page 549 and 550:
Exit codes The table below describe
Page 551 and 552:
Miscellaneous messages Miscellaneou
Page 553 and 554:
Miscellaneous messages UM-553 model
Page 555 and 556:
VSIM license lost Message text Cons
Page 557 and 558:
Suggested action Multiply defined s
Page 559 and 560:
D - Verilog PLI / VPI / DPI Chapter
Page 561 and 562:
Registering PLI applications Regist
Page 563 and 564:
Registering VPI applications Exampl
Page 565 and 566:
Registering DPI applications Regist
Page 567 and 568:
For Windows only: Run a preliminary
Page 569 and 570:
32-bit Linux platform Compiling and
Page 571 and 572:
gcc compiler gcc -c -I//modeltech/i
Page 573 and 574:
For DPI imports 64-bit IBM RS/6000
Page 575 and 576:
32-bit Linux platform Compiling and
Page 577 and 578:
64-bit Solaris platform Compiling a
Page 579 and 580:
64-bit IBM RS/6000 platform DPI spe
Page 581 and 582:
Loading shared objects with global
Page 583 and 584:
VPI example The following example i
Page 585 and 586:
The PLI callback reason argument Th
Page 587 and 588:
The sizetf callback function The si
Page 589 and 590:
Third party PLI applications Third
Page 591 and 592:
IEEE Std 1364 ACC routines IEEE Std
Page 593 and 594:
IEEE Std 1364 TF routines IEEE Std
Page 595 and 596:
SystemVerilog DPI access routines S
Page 597 and 598:
Verilog-XL compatible routines Veri
Page 599 and 600:
PLI/VPI tracing The purpose of trac
Page 601 and 602:
Debugging PLI/VPI/DPI application c
Page 603 and 604:
E - ModelSim shortcuts Appendix con
Page 605 and 606:
Main and Source window mouse and ke
Page 607 and 608:
Keystrokes - UNIX Keystrokes - Wind
Page 609 and 610:
Wave window mouse and keyboard shor
Page 611 and 612:
F - System initialization Appendix
Page 613 and 614:
Environment variables accessed duri
Page 615 and 616:
Initialization sequence Initializat
Page 617 and 618:
G - Logic Modeling SmartModels Appe
Page 619 and 620:
Creating foreign architectures with
Page 621 and 622:
Vector ports Entity details VHDL Sm
Page 623 and 624:
SmartModel Windows VHDL SmartModel
Page 625 and 626:
Verilog SmartModel interface Verilo
Page 627 and 628:
H - Logic Modeling hardware models
Page 629 and 630:
Creating foreign architectures with
Page 631 and 632:
Vector ports Architecture details V
Page 633 and 634:
End-User License Agreement IMPORTAN
Page 635 and 636:
COMPLIED WITH THIS AGREEMENT. MENTO
Page 637 and 638:
Graphics shall only use or disclose
Page 639 and 640:
Index CR = Command Reference, UM =
Page 641 and 642:
Stop on quit mode UM-414 C Debug se
Page 643 and 644:
mem search CR-204 modelsim CR-206 n
Page 645 and 646:
ange checking in VHDL CR-316, UM-74
Page 647 and 648:
Add Folder GR-47 C Debug setup GR-9
Page 649 and 650:
F -f CR-360 F8 function key UM-607
Page 651 and 652:
Verilog modules UM-125 VHDL subprog
Page 653 and 654:
Memory window GR-169 GUI changes UM
Page 655 and 656:
optimizing Verilog designs design o
Page 657 and 658:
eaders and drivers UM-303 readers c
Page 659 and 660:
adix specifying for examine CR-163
Page 661 and 662:
system tasks VCD UM-461 Verilog UM-
Page 663 and 664:
U -u CR-365 unbound component GR-53
Page 665 and 666:
library clause UM-64 mixed designs
Page 667 and 668:
text editing UM-605 windows Active
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