Literature review for - Flourish Paediatrics

Population/study
information
Sample consisted of mothers who
lived in California, and gave birth to
a healthy, single, term infant at 1 of 5
area hospitals during the 10-month
recruitment period in
1999 and intended to exclusively
breastfeed for at least 1 month.
Data were collected
in the hospital (day 0) and on days 3,
5, 7, and 14 through home visits
% 9 mothers had flat or inverted
nipples
Sample consisted of 368 women who
underwent reduction mammoplasty
surgery at the department of plastic
surgery at the ‘‘La Sapienza’’
University of Rome between 1992-
2001. 105 of these women had a child
3 years post surgery and met the
inclusion criteria for the study.
Women were divided into 4 groups
according to the
surgical technique adopted
Data collected from reviewing patient
charts and via a telephone interview
100 first-time mothers were recruited in
the last few days of their pregnancy.
They were referred to a Maternity
Hospital in Iran,
between Feb- June 2006.
Group A= 50 mothers with specified
breast variations
Group B: 50 mothers without such
variations
Mothers exclusively breastfed during
study period
Neonates born full term, > 2500 g
Neonates weight was measured after the
birth and on day seventh.
Quality P 0 (no to 2.3, 3.2) P
Results
Suboptimal infant
breastfeeding behaviour (according
to the IBFAT tool) on day 7 was
significantly associated with flat or
inverted nipples. RR=6.57 (3.16-
8.88)
Delayed onset of lactation on day 0
was associated with flat or inverted
nipples. RR = 2.26 (1.08-3.56)
If breastfeeding lasted more than 3
weeks and was not
accompanied by any nutritional
supplements it was deemed successful
Group A = 60.7% successfully
breastfed
Group B= 43.5% successfully
breastfed
Group C= 48 % successfully breastfed
Group D= 55.1% successfully
breastfed
The mean difference in neonates' weight
between birth and day seven, among
neonates who were born to mothers
without breast variations (53 ± 154.4 g)
was significantly larger than the mean
difference of neonates' weight in the
control group (-162 ± 125.5 g)
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