Literature review for - Flourish Paediatrics

Table 13.1 Studies used to make evidence statement for sodium and blood pressure
Reference [1] He 2006 Robertson 2003 Geleijnse, 2002
Type of study [2]
Level of evidence
[3]
Intervention/
comparator [4]
Meta-analysis (13 RCTs; 10 in
children/adolescents; 3 in infants)
Non-systematic review (2 nonsystematic
reviews; 1 cohort, 2
RCTs; 5 cross section; )
I IV IV
Low Na diet vs. high/normal Na diet
/ Blood Pressure
Non-systematic review [6 RCTs, 1
cohort, 1 cross section]
Na reduction / Blood Pressure Reduced Na in infancy and childhood /
Blood Pressure
N [5] Children/adolescents: N = 966.
Infants: N = 551
Population/study Children ≤18y incl newborn and
information [6] infants.
Follow-up:
Children/adolescents: 2wks to 3
years (median = 4 weeks).
Infants: 8 weeks to 6 months
(median = 20 wks)
Not stated; 5 meta analyses cited
neonates, children, adults, elderly;
NT and HTs
Not stated
Quality [7] P N N
Results [8] Children: For sodium intake
reductions of 42% (IQR = 7 to 58%),
BP reductions of systolic: 1.17 mm
Hg (95% CI 1.78 - 0.56 mm Hg, p
0.001); diastolic:
1.29 mm Hg (95% CI 1.94 - 0.65
mm Hg, p 0.0001). Infants: reduction
in systolic BP = 2.47 mm Hg (95%
CI 4.00 - 0.94 mm Hg, p 0.01).
Na reduction lowers BP, more so in
hypertensives than normotensives
(no numerical values given)
Inconclusive
Clinical
importance [9]
1. A clinically important benefit for
the full range of plausible estimates
1. A clinically important benefit for
the full range of plausible estimates
Infants and children < 18yrs
No measure of effect provided.
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