Literature review for - Flourish Paediatrics

A predictive relationship was considered
moderate if r = .38
Quality P P P
Results
13 predictors of postpartum depression
were revealed. 10 of the 13 risk factors
had moderate effect sizes while 3
predictors had small effect sizes.
The mean effect size indicator ranges for
each risk factor were as follows: prenatal
depression (r = .44 to .46), self esteem (r=
.45 to. 47), childcare stress (r= .45 to
.46), prenatal anxiety (r= .41 to .45), life
stress (r= .38 to .40), social support (r=
.36 to .41), marital relationship (r= .38 to
.39), history of previous depression (r=
.38 to .39), infant temperament (r= .33 to
.34), maternity blues (r= .25 to
.31), marital status (r= .21 to .35),
socioeconomic status (r= .19 to
.22), and unplanned/unwanted pregnancy
(r= .14 to .17).
Family income and mother's
occupation were small, but
significant predictors of postpartum
depression δ = - 0.141 (- 0.21, -
0.08), δ = -0.146 (-0.25, -0.04)
respectively. Effect sizes based on
the association between
family income and postpartum
depression were significantly
heterogeneous (n = 14; Q(13) =
40.56; p = 0.0001), indicating that
the population of effect sizes was not
adequately represented by one
estimate.
Mother's age, marital status, length
of relationship with her partner,
education, number of children,
parity, and pregnancy employment
status all failed to significantly
predict postpartum depression.
Pregnancy and delivery
complications delivered a small but
significant effect size on postpartum
depression δ= 0.26 (0.19, 0.34) r =
The following factors were the
strongest predictors of postpartum
depression: depression during
pregnancy (strong/moderate Cohen’s
effect size= 0.75), anxiety during
pregnancy (strong/moderate Cohen’s
effect size= 0.68), experiencing
stressful life events during pregnancy
or the early puerperium
(strong/moderate Cohen’s effect size=
0.61), low levels of social support
(strong/moderate Cohen’s effect size=
0.64) , and a previous history of
depression (strong/moderate Cohen’s
effect size= 0.58).
Neuroticism, marital relationship had a
moderate Cohen’s effect size.
SES and obstetric factors had a smalls
Cohen’s effect size
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