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Australian Politics and Policy - Senior, 2019a

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<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Politics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Policy</strong><br />

While Gillard is a prominent example, women, LGBTIQ+ people <strong>and</strong> people<br />

from other marginalised groups who publicly engage in politics face abuse, hate<br />

speech <strong>and</strong> at times violence – whether they are involved as c<strong>and</strong>idates or media<br />

commentators or are active on social media or in their communities <strong>and</strong><br />

workplaces. The ferocious online attacks on Yassmin Abdel-Magied, a young<br />

Sudanese-<strong>Australian</strong> engineer, broadcaster <strong>and</strong> writer who made a Facebook post<br />

on Anzac Day reading ‘LEST. WE. FORGET. Manus, Nauru, Syria, Palestine’, are<br />

another example of hate speech at the intersection of race <strong>and</strong> gender. 94 At the same<br />

time, effective communities <strong>and</strong> networks of marginalised people are flourishing,<br />

giving support <strong>and</strong> discursive resources to members engaged in politics. 95 Backlash<br />

<strong>and</strong> community-building effects are now being recognised as key elements of social<br />

change.<br />

Conclusions<br />

More than ever, <strong>Australian</strong> political institutions are grappling with issues of gender<br />

<strong>and</strong> sexuality. At the same time, communities <strong>and</strong> movements are dem<strong>and</strong>ing<br />

that those with power use it to create a broader underst<strong>and</strong>ing of what politics is<br />

<strong>and</strong> who can be part of it. By integrating an awareness of gender <strong>and</strong> sexuality<br />

throughout the work of the discipline, political science can contribute to this<br />

process.<br />

References<br />

Ackerly, Brooke, <strong>and</strong> Jacqui True (2008). Reflexivity in practice: power <strong>and</strong> ethics in feminist<br />

research on international relations. International Studies Review 10(4): 693–707. DOI: 10.1111/<br />

j.1468-2486.2008.00826.x<br />

Altman, Dennis, <strong>and</strong> Jonathan Symons (2016). Queer wars. Cambridge, UK: Polity.<br />

Andrew, Merrindahl (2014). Women’s Electoral Lobby. In Judith Smart <strong>and</strong> Shurlee Swain, eds. The<br />

encyclopedia of women <strong>and</strong> leadership in twentieth-century Australia. <strong>Australian</strong> Women's<br />

Archives Project. http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders/biogs/WLE0441b.htm<br />

—— (2008). Social movements <strong>and</strong> the limits of strategy: how <strong>Australian</strong> feminists formed positions<br />

on work <strong>and</strong> care. PhD thesis, <strong>Australian</strong> National University, Canberra.<br />

<strong>Australian</strong> Electoral Commission (AEC) (2015a). Women <strong>and</strong> the right to vote in Australia.<br />

https://www.aec.gov.au/Elections/<strong>Australian</strong>_Electoral_History/wright.htm<br />

—— (2015b). Electoral milestones for women. https://www.aec.gov.au/Elections/<br />

<strong>Australian</strong>_Electoral_History/milestone.htm<br />

<strong>Australian</strong> Human Rights Commission (2018). Face the facts: gender equality. Sydney: <strong>Australian</strong><br />

Human Rights Commission.<br />

Baird, Julia (2004). Mediatarts:howthe<strong>Australian</strong>pressframesfemalepoliticians. Carlton North,<br />

Vic.: Scribe Publications.<br />

94 Shah 2019.<br />

95 Hutchison 2016.<br />

368

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