Australian Politics and Policy - Senior, 2019a

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Figure 2 Australia’s annual immigration admissions by category, 1984–2018 (number of persons). Source: data from DHA 2019; DHA 2018a; DHA 2018b; DIBP 2017; Phillips and Simon-Davies 2017, 3.
Australian Politics and Policy In the late 1970s, Australia’s acceptance of Indo-Chinese ‘boat people’ had signalled a decisive end to the old White Australia policy. 7 Over time, however, political tolerance for the management of undocumented asylum seekers arriving by sea waned, especially as it began to be associated with organised ‘people smuggling’ networks. The Keating Labor government in 1992 initiated the mandatory detention of asylum seekers after facing a resumption of maritime arrivals largely driven by events in Cambodia. A new flow of arrivals (sourced mainly from Afghanistan, Iran and Iraq) began in the 1999–2000 period under the Howard Coalition government. Campaigning for re-election in 2001, Prime Minister Howard capitalised on his government’s refusal to accept a vessel, the Tampa, which had been diverted to Australia by asylum seekers. These asylum seekers were sent into detention, notably in Nauru and Papua New Guinea, instituting an offshore processing regime which has continued thereafter. The draconian approach did produce a virtual cessation of the maritime asylum-seeker arrivals. After returning to government in December 2007, Labor under Prime Minister Rudd suspended the mandatory detention of maritime asylum seekers. Maritime arrivals (mainly Afghan, Iranian and Sri Lankan asylum seekers) later surged to unprecedented levels, including an extraordinary tally exceeding 25,000 arrivals in 2012–13. Many others tragically drowned at sea. 8 The Rudd and Gillard governments grappled with the cruel conundrum around what Prime Minister Rudd described as ‘our responsibility as a government … to ensure that we have a robust system of border security and orderly migration on the one hand as well as fulfilling our legal and compassionate obligations … on the other’. 9 Eventually, Labor reintroduced mandatory offshore detention 10 but this did not stave off defeat in the September 2013 election to Coalition parties whose ‘stop the boats’ and ‘border protection’ rhetoric dominated the campaign. The incoming Abbott Coalition government matched that rhetoric with further policy action. It launched Operation Sovereign Borders 11 under which unauthorised boats were intercepted at sea and not permitted to enter Australian waters. Asylum-seeker maritime arrivals again virtually ceased under this regime which has continued through the succeeding Coalition governments headed by Turnbull (September 2015 to August 2018) and then Scott Morrison (from August 2018). In early 2019, political attention turned to the management of the asylum seekers, numbering more than a thousand, who had been sent to the offshore locationsofNauruandPapuaNewGuinea’sManusIsland.Anagreementwiththe USA allowed hundreds of these asylum seekers to be voluntarily transferred to the 7 Higgins 2017. 8 Refugee Council of Australia 2018a. 9 Rudd 2013. 10 DIBP 2013a. 11 Australian Border Force 2014. 630
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Edited by Peter J. Chen, Nicholas B
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Acknowledgments viii Introduction I
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Contents Religious communities and
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Nicholas Barry, John R. Butcher, Pe
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Introduction The study of politics
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Introduction nature tends towards i
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Introduction existence represented
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Introduction it reflects the knowle
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Introduction Section Political soci
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Introduction Meagher, Gabrielle, an
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Introduction research covers policy
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A short political history of Austra
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Australian political thought Loveda
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Australian political thought Anothe
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Australian political thought in suc
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Australian political thought linked
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Australian political thought giving
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Australian political thought andthe
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Australian political thought commit
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Australian political thought The do
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Australian political thought ——
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Marija Taflaga Key terms/names acco
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Executive government This distingui
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Executive government When the Austr
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Executive government Since the late
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Executive government Table 1 Cabine
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Executive government • the overal
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Executive government served its opp
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Executive government Figure 1 The m
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Executive government Shergold, Pete
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Parliaments of Australia role, many
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Parliaments of Australia Table 1 Pa
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Parliaments of Australia Parliament
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Parliaments of Australia Case examp
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Parliaments of Australia Immediatel
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Parliaments of Australia Case examp
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Parliaments of Australia Scrutiny o
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Parliaments of Australia summary, f
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Jill Sheppard Key terms/names compu
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Electoral systems Figure 1 Response
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Electoral systems However, individu
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Electoral systems linedupandfilledi
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Electoral systems Figure 2 Australi
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Electoral systems government’s fo
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Electoral systems to be grouped wit
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Electoral systems Figure 3 Sample b
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Electoral systems Figure 5 Sample b
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Electoral systems About the author
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The Australian party system Party s
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The Australian party system The sec
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The Australian party system respons
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The Australian party system to vote
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The Australian party system Like th
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The Australian party system per cen
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The Australian party system party s
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The Australian party system splits
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The Australian party system Macridi
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The public sector The contemporary
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The public sector back to the 1854
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The public sector In the private se
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The public sector in the public sec
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The public sector Table 1 Compariso
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The public sector Figure 2 Public s
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The public sector whole-of-client s
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The public sector • How should th
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The public sector Parker, R. (1978)
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Mary Griffiths Key terms/names Aust
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Media and democracy Mediatisation T
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Media and democracy into ever narro
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Media and democracy majority of Aus
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Media and democracy consumers is pr
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Media and democracy programming, yo
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Media and democracy Limits of press
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Media and democracy Parliament Hous
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Media and democracy Journalists vig
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Media and democracy ofreplyonasocia
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Grant Hooper Key terms/names appeal
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Courts Suchrightsarefoundinthecommo
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Courts It was clear that the High C
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Courts Figure 1 Generalised Austral
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Courts Figure 3 Generalised NSW cri
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Courts While the rule of law is a c
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Courts or opinions upon policy. We
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Courts jurisprudence, it chose to v
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Courts Perhapsmostcontroversially,a
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Courts Harvey, Callie (2017). Found
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Australian Politics and Policy ment
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David Clune and Rodney Smith Key te
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