MCSA/MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70-270): Installing ...

Glossary G-47
USB See universal serial bus (USB).
user account Consists of all of the information that defines a user on a network. This
includes the user name and password required for the user to log on, the groups
in which the user account has membership, and the rights and permissions the
user has for using the system and accessing its resources. See also built-in group.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) A connection-less protocol that is responsible for
end-to-end data transmission.
user groups Groups of users who meet online or in person to discuss installation,
administration, and other network challenges for the purpose of sharing and
drawing on each other’s expertise in developing ideas and solutions.
user principal name (UPN) A “shorthand” name representing the user account and
the DNS name of the tree where the user account object resides.
user profile A collection of user-specific settings, such as a customized desktop or
personalized application settings.
User rights Rights that allow the members of a group or an individual user to perform
a specific action, such as backing up files or changing the system time. User
rights include privileges and logon rights.
User State Migration Tool (USMT) A tool that lets administrators transfer user configuration
settings and files from systems running Windows 95 or later to a clean
Windows XP installation.
V
virtual circuit A logical connection between two nodes on a packet-switching network.
Similar to leased lines that are permanent and virtual, except that with a virtual
circuit, the customer pays only for the time the line is used. This type of
connection service is gaining importance because both frame relay and ATM use
it. See also packet switching, permanent virtual circuit (PVC).
virtual memory The space on one or more of a computer’s hard drives used by
Windows XP Professional as if it were random access memory (RAM). This space
on the hard drives is known as a paging file. The benefit of virtual memory is
being able to run more applications at one time than is possible by using just the
RAM (physical memory) on the computer.
virtual private network (VPN) Computers on a public network such as the Internet
that communicate among themselves by using encryption technology. In this way,
their messages are safe from being intercepted and understood by unauthorized
users. VPNs operate as if the computers were connected by private lines.