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head NP of a focus sentence and the subject of the verb cop
'to sew.' The ambiguity is due to the absence of a proclitic
on the verb.
In speaking, however, this sentence is clear because of
the intonation. If the intonation is as in (66), the subject
is qopnvan. but if the intonation is as in (67), the subject
is bajee nvoe. and gopnyan is the agent cliticized to the
verb, similar to (64c). (67) is a construction equivalent to
the English focus sentences. Usually nvanq 'who' is used,
but this can be omitted in Acehnese focus sentences. As a
result, it appears in the same form as a sentence involving
agent cliticization.
66. Gopnyan cop bajee nyoe.
__• mt _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ ,
He/she- sew shirt this
' It is he/she who sewed this shirt.'
67. Gopnyan iJop bajee nyoe.
He/sher sew shirt this
'This shirt was sewn by him/her.'
All these examples show that we may sometimes have
problems if subjects are defined in terms of word order or
agreement clitics. As for di> this word is important to mark
the subject NP in a position not defined by the following
definition, that is, the NP1 position in a structure of the
form V-NP1-NP2. But since di is not always used in other
positions, it is not a dependable element to be used in the