MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

86 DECLENSION [100compounds only when two consonants precede/ as yajnapriy-amsacrifice-loving, but yajna-nyam (= yajna-niam)leading the sacrifice. Otherwise i is always written as y,but is invariably to be pronounced as i,as nady-am pronouncednadiam -stream.The monosyllabic stems belonging to the radical class arethe feminines dht thought, hhifear, sri glory, and the m. vireceiver (occurring only once in the N. s.).The compoundsof the first three, being mostly Bahuvrlhis (189), and thecompounds formed from the roots kri huy, ni lead, pri love,mi diminish, vi move, si lie, sri mix, being mostly accusativeTatpurusas (187), are both m. and f.The secondary group consists of more than eighty polysyllabicstems accented on the final syllable and probablyfor this reason following the analogy of the radical compounds.Excepting about half a dozen they are substantives,nearly all The masculines f.are ahi serpent, rathi charioteer,and about eight compounds.&.The declension in derivative i embraces a large numberof stems formed by means of the suffix i (originally ya)largely to supply a f. to m. words, and not normally accentingIt also includes a large number of miscellaneousthe suffix.''f. stems of an independent character having no correspondingm., as sac-i might. It includes seven m. stems, five of1In the secondary radical group (a 2, p. 87) the i is split only insamudxi and partly in cakri.2The resolved forms given below are spelt with i(not iy as theymay have been pronounced) so as to avoid confusion with the writtenforms of the Samhita text that are spelt with iy. Again the resolvedvowel is given as i (not i) because long vowels are regularly shortenedin pronunciation before vowels (p. 22, notes 1 and 5).2The exceptions are mostly stems in whicli the preceding syllable,having been reduced, throws the accent forward, e.g. uru, f. urv-i,ivide ;or in which, as proper names, the accent has shifted to indicatea change of moaning^ e. g. asikni a river, but ^sikni black.