MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

180] CONJUNCTIVE AND ADVBL. PARTICLES 235mental, etymologically meaning doubly. This sense takeneither literally= In tivo ivays, or figuratively= emphatically,especially, more than ever, seems to suit all the passages inwhich the word occui's ;e. g. bharadvaj aya^ava dhuksatadvita dhenum ca visvadohasam isam ca visvabhojasamon Bharadvdja do ye (Maruts) milk doivn doubly,both theraja devanamall-milking cow and all-nourishinijfood (vi. 48^^) ;uta martyanam dvita bhuvad rayipati rayinam as king ofgods and mortals may he be doubly lord of riches (ix. 97^*) ;dvita yo vrtrahantamo vida indrah satakratuh lipa noharibhih sutam may he ivho above all is knoivn as the bestVrtra-slayer, Indra Satakratu, (come) to our pressed Somawith his bays (viii. 93^^) ; gavam 6se sakhya krnuta dvita(x. 48^) in the search for the cows he especially concluded friendship(with me).u. The word occur.s several times with ddha, meaningitnd thai toodouhhj or cs2>ecicdly, e.g. vi t^d vocer ddha dvita explain (his, and (do so;particulurlij (i. 132^).na has two senses in V. (but only the first of the twoin B.):1. As a negative particle meaning not it denies an assertion,appearing in principal sentence:^ with the ind. of all tenses,with the subj., the opt., the inj. (in the sense of a fut.),butnot with the impv. it is also; employed in relative andconjunctional clauses. It negatives either the assertion ofthe whole sentence (when it appears as near the beginningas possible, in V. even before the relative) or only theassertion of the verb. It can only be used in a sentencewhich contains a finite verb or in which one is to be supplied.There seems to be no undoubted example of its negativingany word (such as a participle or adjective) other than theverb. The employment of this negative na is much thesame in B. as in V.a. A verb (such as asti is) lias often to be supijlied with thisnegative in simple sentences, especially with the gerundive, the