MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

162 CONJUGATION [i432. The subjunctiveis common in the KV/ in activeforms, but not in the middle. The root regularly takesGuna throughout (active and middle). The primary endingsare frequent. The forms occurring, if made from stu praise,would be :Act. sing. 1. sto-s-ani. 2. sto-s-a-si, sto-s-a-s. 3. st6-s-a-ti, sto-s-a-t. Du. 2. sto-s-a-thas. 3. st6-s-a-tas.PL 1. st6-s-a-ma. 2. sto-s-a-tha. 3. sto-s-a-n.Mid. sing. 1. sto-s-ai. 2. sto-s-a-se. 3. sto-s-a-te.Du. 2. sto-s-athe (for sto-s-aithe). PI. 3. sto-s-a-nte,3. Injunctive forms are fairly common. When normalthey are of course identical with the unaugmented indicative.But the sing.1. act. is irregular in never taking Vrddhi :all the forms of it that occur either have Guna, as sto-s-am,je-s-am (Vji) or; lengthen the radical vowel, as yu-s-am(yu separate) or substitute e for a in roots ending in a, as;ye-s-am (ya go), ge-s-am (ga go), sthe-s-am (stha stand).The latter irregularity also appears in pi.1 :je-s-ma,ge-s-ma, de-s-ma (da give), beside the normal yau-s-ma(yu separate).4. The optative occurs in the middle only, the 2. 3. s.always having the precative s (with one exception). Theforms actually occurring are.:Sing.1. di-s-iya" (da ciii), bhak-s-iya (bhaj divide),ma-s-iya' (man tlnnli), muk-s-iya (muc release), ra-s-iya{vdigive), sak-s-iya* (AV.), str-s-iya (str streiv). 2. mams-i-s-thas=(man tlmik). 3. dar-s-i-s-ta (dr tear), bhak-sita^(SV.), mam-s-i-s-ta, mrk-s-i-s-ta (mrc injure). Du. 2.1Subjunctives of this aor. are very rare in B. except yaks-a-t (-/yaj)and vaks-a-t (-/vah).2With radical a reduced to i :cp. 5 c. Similarly dhi-s-iya (Vdha)inB.sWith an reduced to a (= sonant nasal).*From sah overcome, with radical vowel lengthened,sAnusvara for n (66 A 2). ^cWithout the precative s.