MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

216] OPTATIVE 365a. ustuilly the opt., which expresses a precept applicable when thecondition is fulfilled ; e. g. yMi pura samsthanad diryeta^adyd varsisyati^itibriiyat »/ (the vessel) should be hruken before the completion (ofthe sacrifice), he should say : it will rain to-day (MS.); yadi na saknuyatso 'gnaye purolasam nir vapet if he should not be able to do so, he shouldoffer a cuke to Arjni (AB.). The pret-ept occasionally has a potentialsense ;e. g. yddy 6katayisu dvayisu va^_^avagd,ched, aparodhuka enamsyuh (MS.) if he (the banished man) should return after one or two libations,tJieij might exclude him from the sovereignty (but not if he returns at theconclusion of the ceremony)./3. isvar^ with the infinitive ; e. g. isvaro ha yady apy anyoyajeta^atha hotaram yaso 'rtoh. eve7i if another should sacrifice (insteadof him), if is possible tliatfame should come to the Ilolr (AB.).7. a gerundive ;sa yadi na jayeta, raksoghnyo gayatryo 'niicyahif it (the fire) should not be kindled, the demon-slaying verses are to be repeated(AB.).S. an ind. (sometimes omitted if it is a form of as he);e. g. tasmad yadi yajna rkta artih syad brahmana eva nivedayante therefore if at the sacrifice there should he anyfailurewith regard to a Be verse, they inform the Brahman priest (AB.);yadi no yajna rkta artihsyat, ka prayascittih if we shallhave an accident at the sacrifice in regard to a Be verse, what (is)the penance? (AB.).e. Tlie difference between yad and yadi with the opt.may be iUustrated by the following example : yan no jayeyurima abhyupa dhavema, yady u jayema^ima abhyupavartemahi^iti if they were to conquer us (not to be assumed),ive shoidcl take refuge with these (friends), hut (/"(as is to beassumed) tve should conqiier, wc could again hetake ourselves tothem (MS.).3. yatha used in V. only in the sense of in order that,generally following the principal clause, which contains animp v., an inj., or an ind.;e. g. apa visvam amitran nudasva,yatha tava sarman madema drive aicay all foes that tve mayrejoice in thy protection (x. 131'); tvaya yatha grtsamadaso. .liparam abhi syiih, sliribhyo grnat6 tad vayo dhahhestow on the patrons and the singer this hlessing that throughtJiee tlie Gftsamadas may he superior to their ncighhours (ii. 4^);