MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

180] CONJUNCTIVE AND ADVBL. PARTICLES 247yavat already appears in V. as an adverb meaning as faras, as long as, an extension of its ace. use ;e. g. yavaddyavaprthivi tavad it tat (x. 114*) as far as heaven and earth,so far it (extends) ; jiihomi havyam yavad ise / o_feroblation as long as I am able (iii. 18'') ; ajato vai tavat purusoyavad agnim na^adhatt^ man is so long unborn, as he doesnot lag his fire (MS.)-va or is employed much in the same wayas ca and.It is enclitic, following the word to which it belongs ;andit connects words, clauses, or sentences ;e. g.ata a gahidivo va I'ocanad adhi come from here or from the shiningrealm of heaven (i. 6") ; yasya bharya gaur va yamaujanayet irhose ivife or coic bears twins (AB.) ; prati yahsasam invati, uktha va yo abhigrnati irho promotes the lawor welcomes songs of praise (i. 54').". va...va is fi'equenlly used in the same way ; e.g. sakti va ydt tecakrma vida va ihat we have offered to thee according to our vower orknowledge (i. 31^*) ndktam va hi diva va varsati; forit rains by nightor hij dag (TS.) yad va^aham abhidudroha yad va sepa uta^dnrtam;what evil I have plotted or what I have sworn false! g (i. 2:1-2).h. But va...va also mean either. ..or. When they contrast twol)nncipal sentences in this sense, implying exclusive alternatives, theverb of the first is accented even when the second is incomplete ;e. g. ahaye va tan pradadatu soma a va dadhatu nirrter up^sthe letSoma either deliver them to the serpent or place them in the lap of dissolutionI'vii. 104^) tad va; jajnau tad va na jajnau she either agreed to it or didnot agree to it (SB.) tasya va ivam mana icha sa va tava either do thou;seek his heart, or he thine (x. 10'*).vava (doubtless a contraction of two particles) is found in B. only.It emphasizes the preceding word in the sense oi certainly, just, beingparticularly frequent in the first of two correlated clauses; e.g. esavav^ so 'gnir ity ahuh that is certainly the same Agni, they say (TS.).vai is an emphasizing particle meaning tmlg, indeed.1. In the EV. this particle occurs only in 28 passages,in all but three of which it follows the first word ofthe sentence ;e. g.bhadram vai varam vrnate tridg thegmalce a good choice (x. 164-) ;iti va iti me manah so,indeed,so is my mind (x. 119') ;na vai strainani sakhyani santt