MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

109-110] PERSONAL PRONOUNS 105Dual. N. vam ' and avam (SB.) tve two. A. avam " (^B.) ustwo.Ab. ava-bhyam (K.) and avad (TS.)/rom us two.G. avay-os (SB.) of us two.N. yuvam ye two. A. yuvam you two. I. yuva-bhyamand yuva-bhyam hy you two. Ab. yuvad from you'two. G. yuv-6s and yuvay-os of you two.a. The following unaccented forms, inadmissible at the beginningof a sentence, are also used :Sing. A. ma, tva. D.G. me * (Gk. fioC), te *(Gk. rot). Du. A.D.G. nau (Gk, vwi), vam. PI. A.D.G. nas (Lat. nos),vas (Lat. vos).b. The usual stems of these pronouns used in derivation or as firstmember of compounds are ma, asma : ; tva, yuva, yusma thus;asma-druh hating us ; tva-yata presented by thee ; yuva-yii desiring youtwo; yusma-yd.nt desiring yon. But the forms mad, asmad, tvad occura few times as first member of compounds ;thus mat-krta done bj me ;asmit-sakhi having us as companions ; tv^d-yoni derived from thee.B. Demonstrative Pronouns.110. The inflexion of these pronouns, as compared withthe nominal a declension, has the following peculiarities:1. in the sing, d is added instead of m in the N.A. n. ;the element sma apjDears between the root and the endingin the D.Ab.L. m. n., and sya in the D.Ab.G.L. f. ;in(instead of i) is the ending in the L. m. n. 2. in the pi.the N. m. ends in e instead of as ;the G. has s instead of nbefore the ending am.The stem ta that (also he, she, it) may be taken as the typefor the inflexion of adjectival pronouns:1vam (probably abbreviated for avam), occurring once in the RV.,seems to be the only N. du. form found in the Sarnhitas.^The N. avam (SB.) and A. avam (K. SB.) .seem to have been thenormal forms judging by yuvdm and yuvam.^yuv-6s occurs in the RV., yuvay-os in the TS.* me and te, originally L., have come to be used as D. and G.