MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

34 EXTEKNAL CONSONANT SANDHI [434. Final Visarjaniya.43. Visarjaniya is the spirant to which the hard s andthe corresponding soft r are reduced in pausa.by a hard sound,If followed1. a palatal (c, ch) or a dental (t) mute, it becomes thecorresponding sibilant e. ; g.devas eakrma (through devahfor'devas) ; pus ca (through puh ca for piir ca,) ; yas teanvibhis tana (for -bhih).(for yah) ;a. Visarjaniya, if preceded by i and u, before dental t often becomescerebral s,which cerebralizes the following initial t to t. In the RV.this occurs chiefly, and in the later Vedas only, before pronouns ;e. g. agnis te ;kratus tarn ;also n^kis tanusu. In compounds thischange takes place in all the Sanihitas e. ; g. dus-tara hard to pass.^2. a guttural (k, kh) or labial (p, ph) mute, it eitherremains or becomes Jihvamullya (h) before the gutturalsand UpadhmanTya (h) before the labials ; e. g. visnohkarmani (for visnos) ;indrah. panca (for indras) ; punahpunah(for punar) ; dyauh prthivl.a. After a it often, in the RV., becomes s, and s after i, u, r ;^ e. g. divdspari ; pdtnivatas krdhi ; dyaus pita. In compounds this changetakes place regularly in all the Samhitas ; e. g. -pareis-pa, far-proiectitig ;havis-pa drinking the offering ;dus-krt evil-doing, dus-p£d evil-footed.3. a simple sibilant, it either remains or is assimilated ;e. g. vah sivatamah. or vas sivatamah ;d6vih sat or d6vissat ;nah sapatnah or nas sapatnah ; piinah, sam or punassam.^ Assimilation isundoubtedly the original Sandhi ;^This combination (in which Visarjaniya i-ejiresents original r) iscontrary to etymology, but is universal in sentence Sandhi and issubject to only two exceptions in :compounds svar-caksas and svarcanas.~The only exception in the RV. is catus-trimsat thirty-four.2This treatment before gutturals and labials corresponds to thatbefore t (1 a), and was doubtless the original one in sentence Sandhi.*This combination (in which Visarjaniya represents original r),though contrary to etymology, is universal in external Sandhi ;but