MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

101-102] STEMS IN DIPHTHONGS 93a. nfip-tr in the RV. occurs in the weak stem only:Sing. I. ndptr-a,D. n£ptr-e, G. ndpt-ur. PI. I. n^ptr-bhis. It is sup23lemented in thostrong forms by n£pat (Lat. nepot-): Sing. N.V. n^pat. A. napat-am.—Du. N.A. nd.pat-a.— PI. N.V. n^pat-as. In the TS. occurs nSptar-am(like svdsar-am among the r stems).b. The only n. stems occurring are dhar-tf prop, dhma-tf smithy,stha-tf staiionarij, vi-dhar-tf meting out, and of these only about half adozen forms occur. The only oblique cases met with are the Gr. sthatiirand the L. dhmatd,ri. The N.A. s.owing to its rarity seems never tohave acquired fixity in the Veda, but sthatfir represents the normalform. In B. the N.A. form in r begins to be used in an adjectivalsense :bhartf sitpporting, janayitf creative.c. The f. of agent nouns in tr is foi-med with I from the weak stemof the m,, e. g. janitr-i mother (inflected like devf),102. E. Stems in ai, o, au. The only stems indiphthongs are: rai m. and (rarely) f. tvealtli, go m. hull,f. coio, dyo m. f. sky, nau f. ship, glau m. f.lump. Theyform a transition from the consonant to the vowel declension ;for while they take the normal endings like the ordinaryconsonant declension, they add s in the N. s. m. f. andhave a vowel before the endings with initial consonant.There are no neuter forms.1. rai appears as ray before vowels and ra before consonants.The forms occurring are :Sing. A. ra-m (Lat.re-m). I. ray-a. D. ray-6 (Lat. rc-l).Ab.G. ray-as.—PI. N. ray-as. A. ray-as.^ G. ray-am.2. go has as its strong form gau which appears as ga inthe A. s. and pi. The Ab.G. are irregular in adding s onlj^instead of as.^ The forms occurring are :Sing. N. gau-s{^ov-s).A. ga-m (/Sco-i^j.I. gav-a. D. gav-e. Ab.G. go-s.L. gav-i.— Du. gav-a, -au.— PI. N. gav-as. A. ga-s.I, go-bhis. D. go-bhyas. G. gav-am and go-n-am.''L. go-su. V. gav-as.1Rarely ray-as once ra-s;(SV.).2As regards accentuation this word is not treated as a monosyllabicstem, never shifting the accent to the endings.3This form, which follows the vowel declension and is much lesscommon than gdv-am, occurs at the end of a Pada only.