MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

44 INTERNAL CONSONANT SANDHI [6o66 A. The dental n1. remains unchanged before y and v ; e. g. han-yate isslain ;tan-v-ana stretching/, indhan-van possessed of fuel(indhana), asan-vant having a mouth.2. as final of a root becomes Anusvara before s ; e.g. jigham-sa-tiwishes to hill (V^han) ;also when it is insertedbefore final s or s in the neuter plural (71c; 83); e.g.6nams-i n. pi. of 6nas sin : havims-i n. pi. of havisohlation (83).B. The dental s1. becomes dental t as the final of roots or nominalstemsa. before the s of verbal suffixes (future, aorist, desiderative)in the three verbs vas divell, vas shine, and ghas eat : thusa- vat-sis thou, hast dwelt ; vat-syati ivill shine ; ji-ghat-satiwishes to cat (171, 5) and jighat-su hungri/.^h. before case-endings with initial bh in the reduplicatedperf. participle and in four other words thus :jagrvad-bhisinst. pi. having aivdkened ;usad-bhis from usas f. dawn ;mad-bhis, mad-bhyas from mas m..month; svatavad-bhyasfrom sva-tavas self-strong. This change was extended"without phonetic justification to the nom. ace. s. n. in theRV., as tatau-vat extending far.2. disappearsa. between mutes ; e. g. a-bhak-ta 3. s. s- aor., fora-bhak-s-ta beside a-bhak-s-i, of bhaj share ;cas-te forcaks-te (= original eas-s-te) 3. s. pres. of caks speak;a-gdha uneaten for a-ghs-ta from ghas eat.A similar loss occurs in verbal compoundsformed with1The change of s to t before the t of the 3. s. of a past tense, as invy-avat has shone forth from vi-vas, is probably not a phonetic change,but is rather due to the influence of the 3. s. of other pi-eterites with t ;*^-vas-t having thus become a-vat instead of *dvas,2There having been no case-ending s here. No example occurs inthe RV. and AV. of a loc. pi. in vat-su.