MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

190 CONJUGATION [165-167165. 2. tya (nearly always with long vowel in the RV.)is added instead of ya to compound verbs ending in a short^vowel e. ; g. 6-tya having come (a-i), abhi-ji-tya havingconquered, a-dv-tya regarding, apa-mi-tya" having borrowed,upa-sru-tya having overheard with adverbial or nominal;prefix : arani-kr-tyahaving made read)), akhkhali-kr-tyashouting, namas-kr-tya (AV.) paying homage.a. The analogy of these verbs is followed by some roots ending inn or m preceded by a, which drop the nasal as in the j erf. pass. part. :vi-ha-tya having driven away (Vhan), a-ga-tya having come (Vgam),ud-ya-tya (AV.) lifting up (Vyam).166. The accusative in am of certain verbal nouns,though not yet construed like a gerund in the Samhitas, isnot infrequently so construed in the Briihmanas and Sutras.Before the suffix, the root (which is almost always compounded)appears in the form it assumes before the i of the3. s. aor. pass. (155) ; e.g. sakham sam-a-lambh-am tahinghold of a &;-rtwc/?(SB.); malianagam abhi-sam-sar-am runningtogether around a great snaJce (SB.).IV.Infinitive.167. The infinitive, all the forms of which are old casesof verbal nouns, ace, dat., abl.-gen., orloc, is very frequent,occurring about 700 times in the EV. Only the ace. anddat. forms are common, but the datives outnumber the ace.in the proportion of 12 to 1 in the RV. and 3 to 1 inthe AV. It is a remarkable fact that the infinitive in turn,the only form surviving in Sanskrit, occurs not more thanfive times in the RV., while the dative infinitive, which inthe RV. is more than seven times as common as all therest put together, has already for the most part disappearedin the Brahmanas.1Sometimes not original but reduced from a long vowel.^Here mi is reduced from ma measure.