MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

ap.in5-i36] TPTE PEKFECT 147Special Rules of Reduplication.1. r and r {= ar) and 1 (= al) always reduplicate with a(cp. 139, 9); e.g. kr do: ca-kr ;tr cross: ta-tr ; kip headapted: ca-klp ; v go: ar (= a-ar).2. Initial a or a l)ecomes a ; e. g.an breathe : an ;ap obtain :The long vowels i and u remain unchanged{= i-i and u-ii) ; e. g. is move : 1 . s. is-6 ;uh consider :3. s. iih-6.3. Roots beginning with i and u contract i + i to i andu + u to u except in the sing, act., where the reduplicativesyllable is separated from the strong radical syllable by itsown semivowel : e. g. i po : 2. s. i-y-6-tha ; ue be pleased :2. s. mid. uc-i-s6, but 8. s. act, u-v-6c-a.4. Roots containing ya or va and liable to Samprasaranain other forms (such as the past part, pass.) reduplicatewith i and u respectively'. There are four such with ya:tyaj forsaJce, yaj sacrifice, vyac extend, syand move on :ti-tyaj, i-yaj, vi-vyac, si-syand ;and five with va : vac ^speak, vad spealc, vap streio, vah carri/, svap sleep: u-vac,u-vad, u-vap, u-vah, su-svap. On the other hand thethree roots yam stretch, van n-i)i,vas irear have the fullreduplication ya or va throughout:ya-yam, va-van,va-vas.136. The singular perfect active is strong (like the sing.pr. and impf. act.), the root being accented the ; remainingforms are weak, the terminations being accented. Theendings are the following :Active.Middle.SING. DUAL PLUR. SIKG. DUAL PLUR.1.