MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

1:34] IRREGULARITIES OF PRESENT SYSTEM 145a conjugation, as 3. s. pr. mid. diid-a-te, 3. pi. act, dd.dh-a-nti, 3. pi.impv. d^dh-a-ntu. The former, dad, has even an incipient tendencyto become a root ;thus it forms the past part. pass, dat-td given.C. Fifth or Nu Class. 1. The u of the suffix isdroppedbefore the m of the 1. pi. ind. act. and raid., as krn-mas,krn-mahe.2. When nu is preceded bya consonant its u becomes uvbefore vowel ^endings ;e. g. 3. pi. pr. as-nuv-anti (butsii-nv-anti).3. sru hear forms (by dissimilation) the stem sr-nu, andvr cover (with interchange of vowel and semivowel) iir-nubeside the regular vr-nu,4. Beside the regular and very frequent present stemkr-nu ^(from kr maA'e) there begins to appear in the tenthMandala of the RV. the very anomalous kuru.^ The strongform of this stem, karo, which has the fui-ther anomaly ofin the AV.^Gruna in the root, first aj^pearsa. The four roots ending in n, tan stretch, man think, van win, sangain, have the appearance of forming their stem with the suffix u, astan-vi. These (with three later roots) form a separate (eighth) classaccording to the Hindu grammarians. But the a of these presentstems in reality probably represents the sonant nasal,= tn-nu. Thisgroup was joined by kur-u, the latekr make (cp. C 4).and anomalous present stem ofj8. Five stems of this class, i-nu, r-nu, ji-nu, pi-nu, hi-nu, havecome to be used frequently as secondaiy roots forming present stemsaccording to the a conjugation inv-a, rnv-a, jfnv-a, pfnv-a, hinv-a.:7. In the 3. pi. pr. mid. six verbs of this class take the ending re*with connecting vowel i :iiav-i-r^, rnv-i-r6, pinv-i-re, srnv-i-r§,sunv-i-r6, hinv-i-r6.1After the preposition pari around this stem prefixes an unoriginals :pari-s-krnv-dnti theij adorn.2Twice in the 2. s. impv. kuru and once in the 1. pi. pr. ind.kur-mas.'But the forms made from krnu are still six times as common inthe AV. as those from karo, kuru, which are the only stems used in B.*Like duh-re in the root class.181UL